In this report, an unusual condition of fetal maceration conveyed with retention of fetal debris was diagnosed 5-months after breeding in a hound bitch. A five-year-old, 13 kg weighted bitch was brought to Adnan Menderes University Animal Hospital with complaints of loss of appetite and abdominal distention, five months after breeding. Although presenting a distended abdomen and mammary glands, no signs of parturition have been reported. At surgery, a reddish free intra-abdominal fluid was suctioned, and hysterectomy was performed; ovaries were not excised to avoid any compromise of hunting performance. Fur and bone remnants floating in a brown-green, mucous and odorless fluid were detected at inspection of the uterus. In this case, the evaluation of the uterus showed that all the fetuses underwent maceration and autolysis at least 3 months after the pregnancy putative. Although it was seen that compatible with chronic uterine inflammation findings (leukocytosis and anemia), closed cervical position and odorless uterine content may be an unusual sequel to canine fetal death.

This study revealed the limitations of a naturalistic study in an IC setting and showed that without adequate funding a satisfactory evaluation that fulfills scientific criteria seems to be impossible.

Determining the fetal number to avoid pregnant sheep management, feeding, and delivery issues is of vital importance. This study aimed to determine the levels of pregnancy-associated glycoprotein (PAG) and pregnancy-specific protein B (PSPB), which are pregnancy proteins, to accurately predict singleton and twin pregnancies in Awassi sheep. A total of 40 Awassi sheep were used for the study. According to the number of offspring, pregnant ewes were separated into two groups. The study's first group (Group 1) included singleton pregnant ewe (n=20), while the second group (Group 2) included twin pregnant ewe (n=20). Blood samples were collected from the ewes of both study groups at 30th, 45th, 60th, 75th and 90th day of gestation, which were used for PAG and PSBP evaluation along with ultrasonographic examination. Independent samples t-test and repeated measurements ANOVA were used to analyze the data. The correlations between the measures were calculated using Pearson correlation coefficients. Accordingly, a statistically significant difference was observed between single and twin pregnant sheep for all PAG and PSBP measurements at days 30-45-60-75 and 90 (p<0.05). In singleton and twin pregnant ewes, there was a statistically significant difference in PAG and PSBP measurements (p<0.05). In singleton pregnant ewes, a significant positive correlation was found between PAG30 and PSPB30 values (p<0.05), while a significant negative correlation was found between paired measures of PAG45-PSPB90, PAG60-PSPB90, and PAG75-PSPB90 (p<0.05). In conclusion, significant differences in pregnancy protein levels were found in singleton and twin pregnant ewes. It was deduced that knowledge of this difference might give sheep breeders an idea about management factors.

The aim of the present study is to investigate the impact of some environmental factors on the descriptive values of milk yield characteristics in Holstein cows. For this purpose, a total of 241 lactations belonging to 62 Holstein cows had been kept as breeders in a private establishment were evaluated for 7 years in terms of milk yield. When the recording system of the establishment was examined, the average values of lactation yield (LY), corrected 305 day milk yield (305-dMY), average daily milk yield (ADMY) and lactation length (LL) were 9356.2±126.1 kg, 8549.2±105.8 kg, 28.0±0.3 kg and 315.0±2.3 days, respectively. The least mean squares (LMS) of LY was calculated as 9324.9 kg. It was found that the effect of the calving season on the LY was statistically significant (P

The aim of this study was to investigate complete blood indices [neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and mean platelet volume/platelet count ratio (MPV/PLT)] and thiols (native and thiol) in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy (OHE). The study sample comprised a total of 10 female cats of mixed breeds. Ovariohysterectomy operation was performed under Ketamine/Xylazine anesthesia with the appropriate technique. Blood samples were collected from the cephalic vein pre-OHE and post-OHE at 2 h, 24 h, and 7 d. Total and native thiol levels in the serum were analyzed using a colorimetric technique, and whole blood analysis was carried out using anticoagulant tubes. White Blood Cell (WBC) and neutrophil increased significantly at 2 h post-OHE, peaked at 24 h post-OHE, then returned to baseline levels by 7 d (P<0.001). The lymphocyte and thiols decreased at 2 h, 24 h, and 7 d post-OHE, and the lowest lymphocyte count was observed at 24 h (P<0.001). The lowest monocyte count was observed on d 7 post-OHE (P<0.001). NLR increased significantly 2 h after OHE, peaked at 24 h after OHE, and remained high on d 7 (P<0.001). MLR increased at 2 h, peaked at 24 h, then returned to baseline levels on d 7 (P<0.001). PLR increased gradually and peaked at 24 h and on d 7 (P<0.001). MPV/PLT after OHE was statistically lowest on d 7 (P<0.05). A negative correlation was determined between NLR, MLR, PLR, and thiols (P<0.001). In conclusion, thiols and complete blood indices (NLR, MLR, and PLR) may be important in the assessment of inflammation and stress responses after OHE in cats.

Transvaginal intestinal evisceration was observed in a 4-year-old bitch had given birth to four puppies ten days ago, normally. For treatment, median laparotomy was performed and intestinal loops were reduced via intra-abdominal traction. Intestinal anastomosis was performed on the necrotic part of bowel and the vaginal tear was sutured. According to owner's request, the bitch underwent ovariohysterectomy. The dog was recovered without any complications. The absence of the main etiological factors in this case, suggests the presence of different factors that need to be investigated in the aetiology of the disease. To our knowledge, this case represents the first report of the successful management of transvaginal evisceration in pet practice. Keywords: Vaginal tear, Evisceration, DogKöpekte Nadir Görülen Bir Postpartum Dönem Komplikasyonu:Vaginal Eviserasyon ÖzetOn gün önce normal yolla 4 yavru doğurmuş olan 4 yaşlı bir köpekte transvaginal barsak eviserasyonu görüldü. Tedavi amacıyla median laparatomi uygulandı ve barsak segmenti abdomenden içeriye çekilerek red işlemi gerçekleştirildi. Dışarı çıkan barsak segmentinin nekrotik kısmında anostomoz uygulandı ve vaginal yırtık dikildi. Hasta sahibinin isteği üzerine ovariohisterektomi operasyonu ile hasta kısırlaştırıldı. Köpek herhangi bir komplikasyon oluşmadan iyileşti. Bu hastada vaginal rupturun bilinen nedenlerinin bulunmaması, hastalığın etiyolojisinde araştırılması gereken farklı etmenlerin varlığını düşündürmektedir. Bildiğimiz kadarıyla, bu olgu sunumu pet hekimliğinde başarıyla sağaltılmış ilk transvaginal eviserasyon raporudur.

Evaluation of the effect of birth type on the blood gas and Apgar scores of Aleppo goat newborn kids ABSTRACT This study was conducted to investigate the effect of eutocia and dystocia on the blood gas and Apgar scores of Aleppo goat kids. A total of 40 kids were examined, separated into 2 groups according to the type of birth. Group 1 (n=20) consisted of kids born as a result of eutocia, and the Group 2 (n=20) included kids born as a result of dystocia. The Apgar scores (appearance, pulse, grimace, attitude, respiration) were evaluated at 0, 5, and 15 minutes postpartum in the kids in both study groups, and blood samples were taken from blood gas injectors and blood gas profiles (pH, pCO2, pO2, HCO3) were obtained. The data obtained were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U-test and Friedman post-hoc Bonferroni tests. Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the relationships between measurements. A statistically significant difference was observed between the groups in the 0, 5, and 15-min Apgar scores and in the blood gas measurements of pH, pO2, pCO2, and HCO3 at 0, 5, and 15 minutes (p<0.05). A significant time-dependent difference in Apgar score value was noted in both groups (p<0.05). There was a significant time-dependent difference in pH, pCO2, pO2, and HCO3 values in both groups (p<0.05). In Group 1, a significant correlation was determined between Apgar and pCO2 and HCO3 values (p<0.05). In Group 2, a significant correlation was recorded between Apgar and HCO3 values (r=-0.464; p<0.05). As a result, a significant difference was observed between the mode of delivery and the blood gases evaluated and Apgar scores. It was concluded that the evaluation of Apgar score and blood gases together would be more successful in neonatal interventions.

Bu olguda, güç doğum şikâyeti ile kliniğimize getirilen 4 yaşlı Halep ırkı dişi bir keçiye ait bir oğlakta Şistozoma Refleksum olgusu sunulmuştur. Hasta hikayesinde; yavru sularının akması üzerinden 12 saat geçmesine rağmen, yavruya ait ekstremitelerin vajinadan görülmediği, ıkınmaların kesildiği alınan anamnez bilgileri içerisinde yer almaktadır. Vajinal muayenede; serviksin açık olduğu, yavrunun ön ve arka ayaklarının dördünün birden pubisin önünde olduğu belirlendi. Öncelikle bir presentasyon-pozisyon bozukluğu olduğu düşünülerek, düzeltme çabası içerisine girilmiş iken bağırsaklar ve yavruya ait diğer organların ele geldiği ve başın geride olduğu hissedildi. Vajinal intrauterin muayeneye dayanarak şistozoma refleksum teşhisi konuldu. Epidural anestezi altında yapılan müdahale sonucunda yavru vajinal yolla çıkarıldı. Çıkarılan yavrunun canlı olduğu belirlendi ancak 3-5 dakika sonra öldü. Sonuç olarak, kliniğimize güç doğum şikayeti ile getirilen keçide, fetotomi veya sezaryen operasyonuna gerek duyulmadan doğum kanalında gerekli müdahaleler ile yavru çıkarılabilmiştir.