The Government of Indonesia has issued legislation in an effort to protect sustainable food agricultural land (SFAL), supplemented by Ministerial Regulation, which the aim is for national food security and sovereignty. The assessment accuracy of rice field data is depending on the spatial resolution and temporal variation. Geospatial based agricultural database inventory supports agricultural development programs. The research objective was to compile the SFAL data base (agricultural resources and ownership map). Research methods include analysis of high-resolution Word View 2018 satellite imagery, field surveys and thematic mapping. QGIS 3.6 software, SAS Planet and Locus GIS. Land resources inventory (paddy area in three subak 59.8 ha, Typic Tropaquepts, rainfall of 1,500 to 2,000 mm year−1, origin slope 3 to 8%, terraced, very suitable for lowland rice, suitable for horticulture). Human resources (82 people as owner, 88 farmers as cultivator), 70.95% of those have primary school education and 78.3% are aged 51 to 70 years old. Artificial resources (4,800 m tertiary irrigation channel, 2,470 m farm roads, 5 tractors), rice-rice-horticulture cropping pattern, produce 6.5 t ha−1 of rice. Map and information system of subak rice fields, land suitability and geospatial-based land tenure information as SFAL database can assist local governments in sustainable agricultural development.
Krisis pangan menjadi isu penting yang dihadapi banyak negara, salah satunya Indonesia. Konversi lahan sawah menyebabkan penurunan produksi beras di berbagai wilayah seperti di Kabupaten Toba. Konversi lahan sawah perlu dikendalikan secara strategis untuk mempertahankan eksistensinya sebagai area produksi pangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mengidentifikasi isu konversi, ketersediaan, dan kebutuhan beras, 2) mengindentifikasi faktor kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang, dan ancaman (faktor SWOT) pengendalian konversi lahan sawah, 3) menyusun strategi pengendalian konversi lahan sawah di Kabupaten Toba. Faktor SWOT diidentifikasi melalui metode desktriptif, studi pustaka, dan wawancara. Strategi pengendalian dianalisis menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) dan Strenghts, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats (SWOT). Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa ketersediaan beras turun sebesar 7,030 ton dan kebutuhan naik sebesar 4,001 ton pada periode 2010-2020 disebabkan konversi lahan sawah sebesar 3,529 ha dan peningkatan jumlah penduduk. Faktor kekuatan utama dalam pengendalian konversi lahan sawah yaitu kesesuaian lahan padi, kelemahan utama yaitu tingkat pendidikan rendah sampai sedang, peluang utama yaitu aksesibilitas mendukung, dan acaman utama yaitu PERDA LP2B belum ditetapkan. Prioritas utama strategi pengendalian konversi lahan sawah di Kabupaten Toba yaitu penyusunan PERDA LP2B, memberikan bantuan input produksi kepada petani, dan mengalokasikan dana APBD pada sektor pertanian untuk pembangunan infrastruktur pertanian.
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