NaY zeolite membrane grown hydrothermally on the surface of a porous alumina substrate shows a high alcohol selectivity in pervaporation, a membrane-based liquid separation process, of alcohol-benzene, cyclohexane or methyl tert-butyl ether.
Abstract-Distributions of organic functional groups as well as inorganic features were analyzed in the Bells (CM2) carbonaceous chondrite using near-field infrared (NFIR) spectroscopy. NFIR spectroscopy has recently been developed to enable infrared spectral mapping beyond the optical diffraction limit of conventional Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy. NFIR spectral mapping of the Bells 300 nm thick sections on Al plates for 7.5 · 7.5 lm 2 areas showed some C-H-rich areas which were considered to represent the organic-rich areas. Heterogeneous distributions of organic matter as well as those of inorganic phases such as silicates (Si-O) were observed with 1 lm spatial resolution. The NFIR mappings of aliphatic C-H (2960 and 2930 cm )1 ) and structural OH (3650 cm )1 ) confirm that organic matter is associated with phyllosilicates as previously suggested. The NFIR mapping method can provide 1 lm spatial distribution of organic functional groups and their association with minerals. High local sensitivity of NFIR enables us to find organic-rich areas and to characterize them by their aliphatic CH 2 ⁄ CH 3 ratios. The aliphatic CH 2 ⁄ CH 3 ratio of Bells is slightly higher than Murchison, similar to Orgueil, and lower than literature values of IDPs and cometary dust particles.
Spatial distribution of photoluminescence (PL) spectra has been assessed in an InGaN single quantum well (SQW)-based light-emitting diode structure by near-field optical microscopy under the illumination-collection mode. The obtained PL mapping image revealed a variation in both peak and intensity of PL spectra according to the probing location with a scale less than about 200 nm. The variation in PL intensity is from 0.8 to 1.8 in arbitrary units indicating that the internal quantum efficiency fluctuates from 10% to 50% within the active layer.
The spatial distribution and the polarization condition of the optical near-field has successfully been visualized for the first time. It is realized in connection with the photo-induced surface relief formation on the azobenzene functionalized polymer film that had been reported so far only on the optical far-field condition. In this study, the observation was performed for linear and circular polarized light irradiation. The proposed technique is considered to be as a simple and an effective method to analyze the optical near-field.
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