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The pupil detection and tracking is an important step for developing a human-computer interaction system. To develop a human eye-computer interaction system, we examine pupil detection and tracking by image processing techniques. In the image processing techniques, the illumination directly influences the image quality in general. If influences of illumination is little, we can obtain an image of good image quality. The subsequent image processing techniques are expected almost to succeed. In this paper, in order to avoid the influences of illumination, we have tried to combine the hardware constitution of an infrared light-emitting diode (LED) light, a sensitive infrared camera, and an infrared (IR) filter. In the experiment with this hardware constitution, we investigate the effects of the pupil detection and tracking by image processing techniques for a human eye-computer interaction system. Keywords-human-computer interaction; image processing techniques; pupil detection and tracking; sensitive infrared camera; infrared filter978-1-4799-8676-7/15/$31.

This paper presents an autonomous wheelchair system with the capability of self-localization and obstacle avoidance. In our system, the ceiling lights are chosen as landmarks to realize the self-localization of the wheelchair, and a laser range-finder is used for obstacle avoidance. First the approaches of landmark recognition and selflocalization for the wheelchair are proposed. Then the principle of obstacle avoidance using a laser range-finder is described. Finally, the total system of the wheelchair is introduced and a navigational experiment is described. Experimental results indicate the effectiveness of our system.

For the physically disabled person, the computer is a convenient tool to communicate with others, operate machines and improve the quality of life. In this paper we propose a computer input device for people who have upper limb disabilities. A feature of our proposed device is that the operator can move the computer cursor on the CRT monitor using head movement. The head movement is detected by an image processing technique. In order to ensure the accurate image processing, the operator is required to wear glasses with three L ED marks. Data obtained by measuring the head movement are used as positioning signals to the computer cursor on the CRT monitor. The blinking action of the operator' s eye corresponds to the pushing action of the switches. Experimental results reveal the applicability of our system.

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