Medicinal plants are the nature's gift to human being to have disease-free healthy life. It plays a vital role to preserve our health. India is one of the most medico-culturally diverse countries in the world where the medicinal plant sector is part of a time-honoured tradition that is respected even today. Medicinal plants are believed to be much safer and proved elixir in the treatment of various ailments. In our country, more than 2000 medicinal plants have been recognized. Passiflora incarnata (Passifloraceae; passion flower Family) is an important medicinal plant of tropical and subtropical India. Its medicinal usage has been reported in the traditional systems of medicine such as Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani. P. incarnata has been described as a passion flower and has been used extensively for treatment of some diseases like as anxiety, insomnia, convulsion, sexual dysfunction, cough and cancer. The present article including the detailed exploration of phyto-pharmacological properties of P. incarnata is an attempt to provide a direction for further research.
Saussurea lappa Clarke (Compositae), is commonly known as Kushta. In Ayurvedha, it is mentioned that the aqueous extract of the root S. lappa was used for treatment of angina pectoris. The present study was designed to investigate the cardioprotective effect of aqueous extract of root of S. lappa against isoproterenol induced myocardial injury. Myocardial injury in rat was induced by the administration of isoproterenol at a dose of 85 mg/kg, i.p., The rats were pretreated with the aqueous extract of S. lappa (AESL) in three different doses (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg, p.o.) through the oral route. Isoproterenol alone-treated rats showed increased serum concentration of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine kinase (CK), and aspartate transaminase (AST), increased myocardial thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) level, and decreased myocardial glutathione (GSH) level due to myocardial damage produced by isoproterenol. This is further conformed by histopathological changes. Chronic oral administration of AESL in three different doses significantly restored the level of myocardial LDH, CK, AST, TBARS, and GSH. The extract effect was compared with the reference standard α-tocopherol which also offered similar protection in biochemical and histopathological changes. The overall beneficial effect which was observed with the dose of 200 mg/kg indicated that AESL produced significant dose-dependent activity against isoproterenol induced myocardial injury.
Activation of the renin-angiotensin (Ang)-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays an important role in the development of hypertension and end-organ damage. RAAS suppression is, therefore, an important goal of antihypertensive therapy, and RAAS inhibitors, such as Ang-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and Ang receptor blockers (ARBs), have proven to be highly successful treatments for hypertension, heart failure and related cardiovascular disorders. [1] Although renin was discovered more than a century ago, [2,3] the significance of this system in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and renal disorders has gained wide acceptance only during the past 3 decades, in large part because of the availability of specific pharmacologic agents that can block the system. [2] The concept of blocking the RAAS at its origin by inhibiting renin has existed for at least 50 years. The first synthetic renin inhibitor was pepstatin, which was followed by first-generation agents that were active but required parenteral administration. Oral agents that were subsequently developed, such as enalkiren, remikiren, and zankiren, had limited clinical use because they demonstrated poor bioavailability (,2%), short half-lives and weak antihypertensive activity. [4] Aliskiren Intensive efforts have been made to discover therapeutic, nonpeptide and orally effective hypertensive drugs. Drugs that
Background:Rostellularia diffusa is an unexplored medicinal plant used as brain tonic in traditional medicine system.Objective:This study was designed to investigate the antioxidant and anti-stress potential of R. diffusa by experimental animal models.Materials and Methods:The extracts of R. diffusa were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening and high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) finger printing analysis. The antioxidant potential of the extracts was found by different in vitro models. The anti-stress activity was investigated by using acetic acid induced writhing test, swimming endurance test, and restraint stress in experimental mice. Serum parameters such as glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol, oxidative stress parameter thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, antioxidant parameters such as reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase and organ weights were evaluated after restraint stress in mice. Diazepam was used as reference standard to compare the anti-stress activity of plant extract.Results:High performance thin layer chromatography finger printing analysis revealed the presence of flavone compounds in both extracts. The extracts also showed good antioxidant property in different in vitro antioxidant models. Administration of extracts of R. diffusa decreased the number of wriths and immobility time when compared with control group in acetic acid-induced writhing test and swimming endurance test respectively in experimental mice. They also suppressed the restraint stress-induced alterations in serum parameters, oxidative stress, and antioxidant parameters in brain and also restored the organ weights in normal level.Conclusion:From these results, it has been concluded that the potential anti-stress activity of R. diffusa is through its adaptogenic and antioxidant properties.
Nanoparticles display entirely novel physicochemical characteristics for specific applications because of their exceptional size and shape. Owing to the present study, we reported biosynthesis, characterization and antibacterial properties of Cineraria maritima (Cm) assisted silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). The surface plasmon vibration, crystalline structure, surface morphology, elemental composition, and possible functional molecules vibration of prepared Cm-Ag NPs were characterized by different instrumentation techniques. The spectrum of UV-Vis of Cm-Ag NPs showed maximum plasma intensity occurred around 425nm. XRD spectrum showed the face-centred cubic (FCC) nature of Cm-Ag NPs. The SEM image of the Cm-Ag NPs demonstrated a predominantly spherical shape with cluster formation of small particles to large particles with sizes ranging from 21.57 nm to 39.16 nm. EDS spectrum indicated the existence of Ag elements in Cm-Ag NPs. FTIR intense peaks of Cm-Ag NPs showed the different functional molecules such as phenol, alkene, aldehydes, and a carbonyl group. In addition, Cm-Ag NPs coated textile cotton fabric sample showed substantial anti-bacterial properties against a tested bacterial pathogen.
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