The purpose of this study was to evaluate the subchronic toxicity of Efcovida powder through oral administration in experimental animals. The subchronic toxicity was studied in Wistar rats with oral doses of 90 mg/kg/day and 270 mg/kg/day in 90 consecutive days based on guidance of the World Health Organization and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Our result showed that Efcovida powder had no deleterious effect on hematological parameters, hepato-renal functions, macroscopic and microscopic images of livers and kidneys of rats. In conclusion, Efcovida powder did not produce the subchronic toxicity in experimental animals.
To evaluate the immunostimulatory activity of Efcovida powder, we induced immunosuppression in Swiss mice by cyclophosphamide (CP). Efcovida powder at two doses of 60 mg/kg b.w and 120 mg/kg b.w were administered orally for seven consecutive days to animals. CP (200 mg/kg i.p.) was injected on the 4th day. The result showed that Efcovida powder at the dose of 60 mg/kg b.w only posed an immunostimulating potency in the cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression model while Efcovida powder at the dose of 120 mg/kg b.w significantly ameliorated the effects of CP on delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response, leukocyte quantity, relative thymus weight, serum IL-4, IL-6 concentration, and micro-histological images of spleen and thymus. This suggested the potential of Efcovida powder to treat immunosuppression diseases in clinical practice.
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