Penelitian mengenai keanekaragaman ikan air tawar di Sungai Opak DIY telah dilakukan dan dipublikasikan, tahun 2006, 2011 dan 2013. Data mengenai keanekaragaman ikan di Sungai Opak perlu dilakukan penambahan data, terutama data menyeluruh dari hulu hingga muara. Penambahan data perlu dilakukan, karena dimungkinkan ditemukan jenis ikan yang belum sempat tertangkap pada penelitian sebelumnya. Data jenis ikan yang tidak tertangkap pada penelitian sebelumnya, dapat menambah keanekaragaman jenis ikan di Sungai Opak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melengkapi dan menambah data keanekaragaman jenis ikan yang terdapat di sepanjang Sungai Opak, dari hulu hingga muara. Pengambilan sampel dari hulu hingga muara menggunakan metode Purposive Random Sampling dengan bantuan jaring besar, kecil dan jala tebar. Sampling secara umum dibagi dalam empat bagian yaitu: hulu, tengah, hilir dan muara. Pada penelitian yang kami lakukan, terdapat beberapa jenis ikan yang tidak dijumpai pada penelitian sebelumnya, yaitu: lima jenis ikan dibagian hulu, di bagian tengah terdapat tiga jenis ikan yang tidak dijumpai pada penelitian sebelumnya, baik sampling hulu maupun hilir. Di bagian hilir dijumpai tujuh jenis ikan saat penelitian ini dan tidak dijumpai pada penelitian sebelumnya. Pada bagian muara, dijumpai lima belas jenis ikan yang tidak dijumpai di hilir pada penelitian sebelumnya. Total terdapat 28 jenis ikan yang dijumpai di tahun 2013 tetapi belum dijumpai di penelitian sebelumnya.
Veneridae bivalves are well-known and have economic signifi cance, consumed as food and used for ornaments. Paphia undulata is one of the members of Veneridae. However, the functional morphology of this species has not been studied. The purpose of this research was to study the morphological characters of Phapia undulata. Specimens collected from Sidoarjo Coastal Water, Jawa Timur. Specimens relaxated by using MgCl 2 7% in sea water and fi xed in 10% formalin in sea water. Finally, specimens were preserved in 70% ethanol. Observation was done on the morphology internal of all specimens. Morphometric measurements were done on the length, height, and width of shells, length and width of ctenidium and labial palp. The results of this research showed that the diagnostic characters of
Crabs has been known inhabiting diverse habitat. Crabs were found in the sea, and some other species were found in terrestrial or freshwater. Crabs is one of the important biotic components of the aquatic ecosystem as detrivore. Opak River is one of the major rivers in the Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY), which has a various conditions and direct impact on biodiversity including the diversity of crabs. Up to now, there is no database of crab species from Yogyakarta. The aim of this research was to determine the diversity of crabs from Opak River. Research were carried out for 5 months between June and October 2013. Samples were characterized and identified morphologically. The results show that there are five species of crabs in Opak River. Parathelphusa convexa (De Man, 1879) was commonly found from upstream to downstream. Varuna litterata (Fabricius, 1798) was found in downstream to estuary (brackish water). The other three species were only found in the estuary area viz. Ocypode ceratophthalma (Pallas, 1772), Episesarma versicolor (Tweedie, 1940), and Scylla serrata (Forsskål, 1775). It can be concluded that diversity of crabs in the Opak River estuary area is higher than the upstream and downstream areas.
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