The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine the effects of legal name change on socioeconomic factors, general and transgender-related healthcare access and utilization, and transgender-related victimization in a sample of young transgender women (transwomen) of color. A cross-sectional group comparison approach was used to assess the potential effects of legal name change. A convenience sample of young transwomen enrolled in a no-cost legal name change clinic were recruited to complete a 30-minute interviewer-guided telephone survey including sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors, health and well-being, health care utilization, transgender transition-related health care, and transgender-related victimization. Sixty-five transgender women of color (37 = pre-name change group; 28 = post-name change group) completed the survey. Results indicated that the transwomen in the post-name change group were significantly older than the pre-name change group. In age-adjusted analyses, the post-name change group was significantly more likely to have a higher monthly income and stable housing than the pre-name change group. No significant differences were observed for general healthcare utilization; however, a significantly greater percentage of transwomen in the pre-name change group reported postponing medical care due to their gender identity. In addition, a significantly larger proportion of transwomen in the pre-name change group reported using non-prescribed hormones injected by friends and experiencing verbal harassment by family and friends compared to transwomen in the post-name change group. Findings suggest that legal name change may be an important structural intervention for low-income transwomen of color, providing increased socioeconomic stability and improved access to primary and transition-related health care.

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to explore individual and structural factors associated with employment among young transgender women (TW) of color.MethodsSixty-five trans women of color were recruited from the Transgender Legal Defense and Education Fund to complete a 30-min interviewer-assisted survey assessing sociodemographics, housing, workplace discrimination, job-seeking self-efficacy, self-esteem, perceived public passability, and transactional sex work.ResultsLogistic regression models revealed that stable housing (structural factor) and job-seeking self-efficacy (individual factor) were significantly associated with currently being employed.ConclusionOur findings underscore the need for multilevel approaches to assist TW of color gain employment.

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Purpose of this paper was to review group of Cambodian children with AIDS -late presenters, coming to our programme with low immunologic status (CD4˂5%, and ˂100 CD4 cells) and opportunistic infections as well as children who started HAART too late according to the guidelines valid in 2003 -2005 (˂200 CD4 cells per cubic millimetre). Another aim of this study was to compare children with AIDS who are on 2 nd line HAART for risk factors, failure and outcome in comparison to children on 1 st line ARV. There was relatively low proportion of children on 2 nd line treatment since beginning of ART (27 of 140, 19%). Mortality in late presenters is higher than in non-late presenters and also opportunistic infections were higher in the group of late presenters, including HZV and TB. Relatively high proportion of slow progressors was found among included children as well.

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