SummaryPlatelet activating factor (PAF) is a potent pro-inflammatory negotiator that shows distinct spectrum of biological and pharmacological effects. Importantly, it participates in a wide range of pathophysiological conditions. In cardiovascular system, PAF has been shown to have an important role in platelet and neutrophil aggregation, vascular permeability, microvascular leakage, thrombus formation, leukocyte adhesion to the endothelial cells, and initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. The purpose of this article was to review the PAF, a family of lipids that is associated with the pathology of coronary artery diseases due to their association with leading etiological mechanisms such as inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative and nitrosative stress, and platelet reactivity. This review further provides information about PAF and its potential role as a key contributor to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disorders.

No abstract

Depressive symptoms are highly prevalent in patients with cardiac diseases. Co-morbid Depression in cardiac patients causes a significant reduction in health-related quality of life for the patients and inflicts an economic burden on the society. Two types of mechanisms that may explain the link between depression and cardiac diseases are the psychosocial and physiopathological mechanisms. Physiopathological mechanisms are direct biological mechanisms, which include hyperactivity of non-adrenergic and Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis (HPA), abnormal platelet activation, endothelial dysfunction, and inflammatory process. Psychosocial factors include behavioral or lifestyle factors like smoking alcoholism and physical inactivity. Pharmacologic and therapeutic interventions are effective at reducing symptoms of depression in patients with cardiac disorders. Among pharmacological treatment, SSRIs seems to be effective for the reduction of depressive symptoms among patients with cardiac disorders because of their good efficacy and minimal cardiovascular side effects. Mechanisms of action of SSRI’s in depressive patients with cardiac disorders are associated with their ability to reduce inflammation, platelet, and endothelial dysfunction. This review focuses on the potential pathophysiological and psychosocial links between cardiac diseases and depression, the treatment options, and the importance of routine screening of depressive symptoms in cardiac settings.

The ranking of seeds represents remarkable transition phase for photosynthasis and sexual reproduction, this phase is complex & successful method for sexual reproduction in vascular plants. As we know that seed containe the genetic repository of past & potential for its perpetuation in the future. The dormancy in seeds induced by desciccation & the hormone abscisic acid (ABA) till the condition in growth become favorable. The well developed seeds eliminates requirement of water during sexual reproduction & allows fertilization events to occur over long distances. Germination of seeds in particular situation and season is determines the interaction between dormancy and relating factors like phytochemical development to give healthy bioactives, which strongly influence on the termination of dormancy or initiatin of germination and seedling in many plant species like photo-hormons, light, temperature, water, neutrients and mechanical cuse. Seeds of particular plants needs difreent pretreatment to give vigor seedlings even in production so far. The entiteled chapter represents amulgumation of agriculturists and life scientists. Recent significant progress has been endorsed in seed physiology to solve the practical issues constantly associated with the seeds. The aim & objective of this articale is to enlighten the reader, not only about the different aspects of the seed physiology it also includes the development of bioactive (secondary metabolites) in the healthy seeds. This resorce of pice will help researcher to sencitize about the type of healthy bioactive available in the shalls of seedlings. This could be the reason to isolate the biomolecules from a well evaluate seeds, seed evalution not only the sorce to get healthy crops in agricultural scince it also helps so for a phytochemist to get theuraputicaly active biomolecules, without destroying the nature, which could be the value added thought to combat with the burning issues associated with the existing situation (COVID Omicron, viral infection and all kinds of disorder associated with the immune system). Henceforth, endorsed personage to give real-time attention to plant propagation, particularly for indigenous tree species and seedling multiplication should be regarded as a primary need to make not only a sustainable environment but also become a treasure to fulfill the needs of industry application in the field of agriculture plus R & D.