In a previous paper, evidence was presented that Juan Luis Vives considered himself "as a son" to Thomas Linacre. Vives was recognized by his contemporaries as a humanist of comparable stature to Erasmus, Bude, and Thomas More. The numerous medical principles and opinions contained in his philosophical, pedagogical, and psychological writings probably were influenced by his association with Linacre and Vives' own hypochondrical personality. These two factors have been suggested as the sources of his treatise on the faults of sixteenth-century medicine and his recommendations for improving medical education that he included in De Disciplinis. l Within a year and a half of Linacre's death, Juan Luis Vives produced a major tract on The Care of the Poor or about Human Necessities (De Subventione), which he submitted to the Senate of Bruges on 6 February 1526 and in which we might see his mentor's infl~ence.~ LINACRE AND ITALIAN SCHOLARSHIP Linacre's debt to fifteenth-century Italian scholarship has been an accepted aspect of Tudor renaissance humanism. He is recognized for establishing the Royal College of Physicians of London on the general model of those medical corporations that had become an integral part of the major Italian city states. Whitteridge has described their del velopment and relationship with the London C01lege.~ She paid particular attention to Padua, Linacre's alma mater, and also to Venice, where he lived while editing Aristotle and Proclus. Then, Venice was a populous urban centre which had Colleges of Physicians and Surgeons to supervise the issuing of licences and the practice of their members. Venice, because of its size, location, wealth, and constant traffic with
One of the most emotive pieces of medicine's historical apocrypha places Dr. Thomas Linacre during the summer of 1499 on top of Little St. Bernard Pass. He is on his way home to England, but while looking wistfully back towards Italy he reverently builds a votive altar to his academic Sancta Mater. On turning his steps north he passes into history as England's premier physician and "restorer of learning," a reputation which he was about to earn and which is still maintained almost five centuries later.' Linacre was near the end of a full and busy life when Catherine of Aragon, in 1523, appointed him to be Princess Mary's tutor. He had been instrumental in the foundation of the Royal College of Physicians and was its first president. His monumental translations of Galen were coming off the press and receiving European a~c l a i m .~ Catherine was aware that her appointee, even though England's greatest living scholar, was hardly the most appropriate choice but she probably saw it as a comfortable sinecure for one of her first English friends. It was asking too much of one who had tutored her first husband, more than 20 years earlier, to bridge the generation gap and take on the routine Latin instruction of her seven-year old daughter. In looking around for a younger man to shoulder the day-today harassments of being a l royal tutor Catherine chose the young highly articulate Spanish humanist, Juan Luis V i~e s .~ Perhaps her choice was made from a lingering nostalgia for the Spanish intellectuality of her childhood, though officially it was done on the recommendation of Cardinal Wolsey and Sir Thomas More. Juan Luis was pleased to accept the English court appointment. It allowed him to be associated academically with Dr. Linacre. It pro
This study of sixty-five volunteers has again shown that the XYY constitution exists in some prisoners but there are no other logical deductions to be made. The subject of this study has no characteristics (apart from height) in common with the more than three hundred persons described in the literature who have the XYY chromosome.
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