No abstract
In 2016, the authors published a paper on music festival fatalities between the years 1999 and 2014 (n=722). In this Special Report, they provide an update on fatalities reported at music festivals globally for the period 2016-2017 (n=201). Using a search strategy designed to capture grey literature and media reports of music festival fatalities, reports of the overall frequency and cause-of-death breakdown for publicly reported, festival-related deaths are recorded. This update shows an increase in the frequency of festival-related fatality reports during the new period, together with an increase in the number of deaths attributable to terror (n=60) and overdose/poisoning (n=41). Drawing conclusions about the cause of this increase is challenging given the growth in Internet use, online media reports, and number of music festivals occurring annually when compared with the previous reporting period. The authors re-emphasize the need for a uniform reporting standard and reliable epidemiological data for fatalities related to music festivals, mass gatherings, and special events.TurrisSA, JonesT, LundA. Mortality at music festivals: an update for 2016-2017 – academic and grey literature for case finding. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(5):553–557.
Introduction: Electronic Dance Music events (EDMs) are complex mass gatherings and given published rates of illnesses, injuries, and hospitalizations, these events can place an additional burden on local health care services. Accordingly, during the planning process for EDMs many stakeholders are involved; however, local hospitals, a key part of the medical safety plan, are often excluded. In this case report, it is posited that the involvement of local hospital(s) and the resulting integration of on-site and acute-care service provision during an event, ultimately reduces the burden placed on local hospitals. Methods: Case report; synthesis of published literature. Results: A 25,000 person per day, two-day mass gathering EDM event trialed a model of collaborative planning with a local community hospital. Planning included the identification of a hospital liaison, pre-event teleconferences between event staff, contracted and public medical response teams, emergency management teams, harm reduction practitioners, public health, and hospital personnel. Throughout the collaborative planning process, vital information was shared in order to optimize patient continuity of care and streamline the transition of care from site medical response to an acute care setting. Outcomes included the prevention of unnecessary transfers to the hospital; however, those patients who required transfer had their initial treatment started prior to leaving the venue. Further, collaborative planning also contributed to improved bidirectional data sharing to better understand the impact on the local hospital of the event, including transfers from the onsite medical team as well as transports from the community and self-presentations for care. Discussion: The collaboration of onsite medical and hospital teams improved the delivery of essential medical care to the patrons of the event and added a layer to the safety planning process essential to mass gathering events.
Introduction: Fatalities at music festivals are seldom reported in the academic literature, making it difficult to understand the full scope of the issue. This gap in our knowledge makes it challenging to develop strategies that might reduce the mortality burden. It is hypothesized that the number of fatalities is rising. Building on earlier research, two further years of data on mortality at music festivals was analyzed. Methods: Synthesis of grey/academic literature. Results: The grey literature for 2016-2017 documented a total of 201 deaths, including both traumatic (105; 52%) and nontraumatic (96; 48%) causes. Deaths resulted from acts of terror (n = 60), trampling (n = 13), motor-vehicle-related (n = 10), thermal injury (n = 6), shootings (n = 5), falls (n = 4), structural collapses (n = 3), miscellaneous trauma (n = 2), and assaults (n = 2). Non-traumatic deaths included overdoses/poisonings (n = 41), miscellaneous causes (n = 36), unknown/not reported (n = 18), and natural causes (n = 1). The majority of non-trauma-related deaths were related to overdose (44%). No academic literature documented fatalities that occurred while attending a music festival during 2016 or 2017. Discussion: Reports of fatalities at music festivals are increasingly common. However, the data for this manuscript were drawn primarily from media reports, a data source that is problematic. Currently no rigorous reporting system for fatalities exists. In the context of safety planning for mass gatherings, a standardized method of reporting fatalities would inform future planning and safety measures for festival attendees. The hypothesis that mortality rate reporting increased was substantiated. However, the proliferation of music festivals, the increase in attendance at these events, and the overall increase in internet usage may have influenced this outcome.Introduction: Floods are common worldwide and are the leading cause of fatalities. They are destructive to property, crops, and livestock, and leave survivors homeless or displaced to evacuation camps. Aim: To explore the needs of family survivors of floods in Molepolole, determine assistance received and needed, and identify coping strategies used to deal with the impact and effects of floods. Methods: Jordan (2015) model of disaster survivors' hierarchy of needs guided the study. Purposive sampling selected six families, and seven participants from these families enrolled in the study. A pilot-tested semi-structured interview guide collected data. Data were analyzed using the content style. Results:The study findings confirmed that survivors of floods had immediate and long-term needs, and these were classified into basic, safety, recovery, stress reaction, grief and loss, and growth. Not all survivors were grateful for the assistance they received following floods. Survivors used varied coping strategies to deal with their stressors. The study was conducted in Molepolole, hence, the findings may not be applicable in other settings. Individuals were interviewed on behalf of the en...
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