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SummaryAdrenal glands were examined in the inbred strain of wild-coloured mastomys (Praomys coucha), MWC. The most characteristic findings were emergence of a border zone between the zona fasciculata and z. reticularis of the cortex in females but not in males, and persistence of broad z. reticularis in males. The border zone was typically comprised of vacuolated cell layers, nodular layers and fibrous tissue. Vacuolated cells increased in number during pregnancy and partially disappeared during lactation. Growth of the nodules was greatly enhanced in both number and size during lactation. Thus, multiparae had very thick border zones composed predominantly of large nodules and, additionally, of vacuolated cells and fibrous tissue. The z. reticularis was compressed into a cord of closely packed cells by the expanded border zone in multiparous females but it continued to thicken with age in males. These changes produced completely different cortical zonation in the adrenal between sexes.

In the colonic epithelium of the chicken, glycoconjugates have been studied by means of selected histochemical methods of light and electron microscopy. According to the results obtained, most of the colonic goblet cells contained acidic and neutral glycoconjugates with sulphate and vicinal diol groupings, alpha-D-mannose and alpha-D-glucose residues and sialic acid-galactose dimers. These goblet cells were found to undergo changes in histochemical reactivity during upward migration along the crypts; alpha-D-mannose and alpha-D-glucose residues and terminal sialic acid-galactose dimers increased in amount. The striated border of the colonic columnar cells has, likewise, been found to contain such glycoconjugates as were similar in reactivity to those of the goblet cells. The histophysiological significances of glycoconjugates involved in the chicken colonic epithelium have been discussed with special reference to the functional activities of the carbohydrates.

The origins of the motor nerve fibers supplying the individual hindlimb muscles were elucidated in the fowl by the retrograde degeneration method. Chromatolytic cells were seen in the ipsilateral lamina 9 of the lumbosacral enlargement. Motoneurons innervating the individual hindlimb muscles were localized in the characteristic position of lamina 9. Both hip and thigh muscles are supplied by motoneurons of almost all the columns in lumbar segments and by those of dorsolateral columns in sacral segments, while the shank and foot muscles are supplied by motoneurons of ventromedial columns in sacral segments. The origins of the dorsal cord of the lumbosacral plexus are situated laterally in the lamina 9 and those of the ventral cord are located medially in it. U.S. 142 OHMORI, WATANABE and FUJIOKA 3 -0minutes. The lumbosacral enlargement of the spinal cord was removed, immersed in the same fresh fivative for more than a week, and then embedded in paraffin in the conventional manner. Transverse sections 15pm thick were cut serially and stained with lux01 fast blue and cresyl fast violet (KL~VER/BARRERA, 1953). Chromatolytic cells with a distinct nucleolus were counted.In addition to these fowls, some birds were used for identification of hindlimb muscles and nerve supply. Results I. NomenclatureNomenclature of hindlimb muscles and nerves supplying them is essentially in accordance with the Nomina Anatomica Avium (VANDEN BERGE, 1979; BREAZILE/ YASUDA, 1979). The spinal cord which has a segmental structure sends out 41-42 pairs of spinal nerves in the fowl. An arbitrary line is drawn in the middle level between the most caudal rootlet of a ventral root and the most cranial rootlet of the next, and serves as the demarcation with the neighboring segments. The region between the two lines is regarded as a "spinal segment" for each spinal nerve.

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