On a coastline in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan, a wild subadult female striped dolphin was found dead. Necropsy revealed poor nutritional status and bilateral
pneumonia, which was histologically diagnosed as severe suppurative necrotizing bronchopneumonia. Special staining detected numerous intralesional filamentous,
branching bacteria, which was identified as
Nocardia cyriacigeorgica
by sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA and gyrB genes. Other main histological
findings included lymphoid depletion in the spleen and superficial cervical and pulmonary lymph nodes. Suppurative nocardiosis without a granulomatous reaction
is uncommon, and it is assumed its pathogenesis was related to the host’s immune status. This paper discusses the variable inflammatory response to nocardiosis
and describes the first case of
N. cyriacigeorgica
infection in a wild striped dolphin in Japan.
We attempted to investigate the fine mucosal patterns of inlet patches using a transparent‐tip‐hood‐fitted magnifying electronic endoscope (Olympus, GIF‐200Z). The prevalence of inlet patch was 10.1%, 26 out of 257 patients undergoing screening endoscopic examination using a GIF‐200Z. This rate was higher than that of previous reports in Japan, higher in the young group than in the aged group, and higher in males than in females. The mean inlet patch size, measured by the new method using a transparent hood, was 5.2 mm. Large inlet patches, above 8.1 mm, were found more frequently in males than in females. The number of inlet patches in one patient was one in 19 patients and two in seven. The inlet patches were oval and had a smooth margin in 23 (69.7%) cases, and irregular in 10 (30.3%). The oval patches with smooth margins were significantly larger than those with an irregular form. The fine mucosal pattern of inlet patches was mixed with B, BC and C type. Inlet patches with acid production were suggested to be fewer in number than expected, and patients with an inlet patch appear to have minimal, if any, complaints. A transparent‐tip‐hood‐fitted magnifying electronic endoscope was thought to facilitate accurate diagnosis of the inlet patch.
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