After 2006, eight sorts of gall induced by eight segregates of Asphondylia (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) were newly found on eight plant species belonging to six families in Japan. As a result, six described species and 18 seregates of Japanese Asphondylia are now hosted by a total of 32 plant genera belonging to 25 families. Newly recorded host plants include three alien species. These findings imply the second, third and fourth examples of host range expansion to alien plants by Japanese gall midges unless they are alien Asphondylia. In general, gall-inducing cecidomyiids are mono-or oligophagous and hardly expand their host range to newly encountered plants. However, Asphondylia species may be able to expand their host range to alien plants more easily than other gall-inducing cecidomyiids, because some Asphondylia species are polyphagous, multivoltine and sometimes exhibit host alternation. Further information on their morphological features, ecological traits, distribution records and DNA sequencing data will enable species identification and clarify their life history patterns and host ranges.
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