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In this paper, a tracheal intubation apparatus with the field sequential OCB LCD is proposed. The system uses a new color imaging & display system that enables a high quality and low power display. Object illuminations of three primary colors flash sequentially and synchronize with LCD backlight flashing. Clear moving image and high color purity with wide color gamut are obtained

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We have investigated the solvent uptake, thermal stability, tensile strength, proton conductivity, and the methanol permeability coefficient (P M ) in aqueous methanol solutions for cross-linked sulfoethylcellulose/poly(vinyl alcohol) blend membrane (CL-SEC/PVA) and have investigated its applicability to direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC). CL-SEC/PVA membrane exhibits a proton conductivity of 0.017 S cm -1 at 25 ºC. CL-SEC/PVA membrane also shows low methanol permeability in methanol aqueous solutions. The membrane electrode assembly has been prepared by applying Nafion ® as a binder in the catalyst layer. Performance of DMFC was estimated with different methanol concentrations. The open-circuit voltage is decreased with increasing the methanol concentration. CL-SEC/PVA membrane achieves the highest power density of 13mW cm -2 with 5M methanol solution at 25 ºC. The results suggest that CL-SEC/PVA membrane is potentially applicable to polymer electrolyte membranes for DMFC utilizing a high concentration methanol solution as a fuel.

Membrane electrode assembly (MEA) was fabricated using crosslinked sulfoethylcellulose/poly(vinyl alcohol) blend membrane (CL-SEC/PVA), and its performance was evaluated in details in the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) operated with various concentrations of methanol fuel. The highest power density of 23.4 mW cm -2 at 50 ºC with 1M of methanol solution was achieved for the CL-SEC/PVA. Although the CL-SEC/PVA had a lower proton conductivity than Nafion NRE-212, its maximum power density and the open circuit voltage were higher than those of the latter when the concentration of methanol solution was over 10 M due to its extremely low methanol permeability. Continuous operation test at a constant current density of 80 mA cm -2 showed that DMFC performance reduced about 20 % after 48 h operation. Based on FT-IR spectroscopy and IEC measurement, sulfonic groups in the membrane were found to be eliminated during the continuous operation of DMFC.