The German Aerospace Center (DLR) in Braunschweig has developed a reconfigurable flight simulator for research into rotorcraft and fixed-wing aircraft behavior -the AVES (Air VEhicle Simulator). This new simulator features a common motion platform and interchangeable roll-on/roll-off (RoRo) cockpits, enabling rapid turnaround of research activities. Additionally, the cockpits may be used in a fixed-base mode with a separate visual display system, allowing simultaneous research as well. Particular emphasis was placed on achieving high motion and visual cueing performance in this flight simulator, while maintaining the flexibility. The justification for the design, the challenges in its realization, the specific testing procedures, and the applications of the simulation facility will be described in this paper.
Although the importance of scenarios in modeling and simulation has long been well known, there still exists a lack of common understanding and standardized practices in simulation scenario development. This paper proposes a Domain-Specific Language (DLS) to provide a standard scenario specification that will lead to a common mechanism for verifying and executing aviation scenarios, effective sharing of scenarios among various simulation environments, improve the consistency among different simulators and simulations, and even enable the reuse of scenario specifications. Following DSL design practices, the proposed Aviation Scenario Definition Language (ASDL) will provide a well-structured definition language to formally specify complete aircraft landing scenarios. In order to capture the necessary constructs for a simulation scenario, Simulation Interoperability Standards Organization (SISO) Base Object Model (BOM) is adopted as the baseline metamodel. This baseline is extended using the fundamentals of aircraft landing that cover all the domainrelated concepts and terminology as constructs. By taking a formal approach in defining aviation scenarios, ASDL aims at providing consistency and completeness checking, and model-to-text transformations capabilities for various targets in the aviation scenario definition domain. The results of this work will be used to develop a graphical modeling environment and automatic means to transform scenario models into executable scenario scripts. The work presented here is the first stepping stone in formal scenario definition in aviation domain.
Flight simulators can be categorised as research simulators, engineering simulators and training simulators. Research simulators can be introduced as both test beds for flight simulator research and computational tools for flight systems and human factors research. While engineering simulators are utilised for systems development, training simulators are used for flight training. The models that are used in training simulators and also in engineering simulators are more mature and stable. On the other hand, the models in research simulators are subject to a constant change. While Model Based Design and Software Development has brought us agile model development workflows, so that modellers can update their models more easily, it came up with some serious systems integration and testing problems, so systems developers need to establish mechanisms to tackle frequent behaviour and interface changes. DLR's Institute of Flight Systems (FT) has a long tradition in flight research and simulation of various flight vehicles. Currently a modern research simulator facility is being operated at DLR Braunschweig-AVES (Air Vehicle Simulator). AVES is designed such that interchangeable cockpits of rotorcraft (EC135) and airplanes (A320) can be operated on motion and fixed-base platforms according to the particular needs. 2Simulate is the enabling real-time simulation infrastructure of the AVES. This paper presents 2Simulate model integration workflow based on Mathwork's Simulink Coder.
While any simulation study starts with a scenario, scenario development is usually conducted in an unstructured and ad hoc manner. In order to streamline scenario development, a formal approach is envisioned in the research flight simulator facility of German Aerospace Center (DLR), namely Air Vehicle Simulator (AVES). System Entity Structure (SES) which is a high level ontology that was introduced to specify a set of system structures and parameter settings is proposed as the foundations. The paper outlines a model-based methodology for scenario development. SES is exploited for metamodeling in order to capture all possible elements of a scenario that can be simulated in AVES. Then a scenario modeling methodology is built upon this metamodel.
Developing and integrating a new concept in a flight simulator usually requires rigorous implementation and integration steps which involves various parties. German Aerospace Center (DLR) is developing and operating the Air Vehicle Simulator (AVES), and focusses on shortening the simulator implementation and integration lead time. This effort targets at bridging this gap by promoting the software infrastructure of the flight simulator as AVES Software Development Kit (SDK) for flight system designers and simulator end users.
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