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Right heart catheterization has been performed in 18 healthy subjects, 14 males and 4 females, including estimation of cardio‐vascular pressures and cardiac output at rest and during different intensities of exercise in recumbent position. During exercise the cardiac output increased linearly with the oxygen uptake. The increase of the arterio‐venous oxygen difference in relation to the work load or the pulse rate was higher in the males than in the females. With change from rest to work the stroke volume increased slightly but significantly in the males. By increasing work load it successively decreased to the size at rest. There was a high correlation between the stroke volume on one hand and the work performed at pulse rate 170, the heart volume, and the blood volume on the other. The mean pressure in the pulmonary artery was 5 mm Hg higher during exercise than at rest but was constant at different work loads. The end‐diastolic pressure in the right ventricle and the mean pulmonary venous pressure (PC V‐pressure) did not change significantly with the increase in pulse rate.

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Summary. In the present paper we report on an investigation in which the amount of hemoglobin determined after the method of SJÖSTRAND (1948) in a number of athletically trained men and women has been compared with that in an average group of the respective sexes. The athletically trained men and women showed considerably higher amounts of hemoglobin and blood volumes than the average material. On the whole, the best trained men deviated by 41%, and the women by 44% from the reference material. In three men and one woman the amount of hemoglobin was determined just before and immediately after a skiing tour in the mountains. The figures were 10–19 per cent higher after the training than before. In a patient who had been confined to bed for a considerable length of time (owing to fracture of the leg) the amount of hemoglobin was determined repeatedly. It showed a successive decrease, amounting at its maximum to 15 per cent of. the original figure. The amount of hemoglobin and blood volume seems accordingly to vary with the degree of physical training. The costs of the investigation have in part been defrayed by a grant from the Therese and Johan Andersson Memorial Fund.

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Previously reported investigations tend to show that there is n, formation of carbon monoxide during the decomposition of haemoglobin in vitro to bile pigment (SJOSTRAND 1951(SJOSTRAND , 1952. It would seem then that a molecule of carbon monoxide is liberated corresponding t o every heme in the haemoglobin molecule. It has also been pointed out that carbon monoxide is constantly formed in the human organism, and in increased quantities during different pathological conditions having an increased intra-vital haemolysis (SJOSTRAND 1949(SJOSTRAND , 1951). In the present paper results are set forth which would seem to show that the endogenous formation of carbon monoxide increases when haemoglobin or haemolysed blood is injected intravenously or intramuscularly.

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