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Using three different registers a cohort study was undertaken to describe the relationship between type of occupation and hospitalization. A total of 958 096 subjects aged 20-64 years were followed-up for one year regarding inpatient care. Several significant associations between type of occupation and incidence of hospitalization for different diagnoses were observed. Male subjects employed in occupations where a high proportion reported a combination of hectic work and few possibilities to learn new things were more frequently hospitalized for myocardial infarction than other working men. The relative 'hospitalization' ratio for men 20-54 years of age in these strenuous occupations was estimated as 1.6 with a 95% confidence interval of 1.3-1.9. For women, the relative 'hospitalization' ratio in the ages 20-64 in occupations where a high proportion reported a combination of hectic and monotonous work was estimated as 1.6 with a 95% confidence interval of 1.1-2.3. Both these associations were statistically significant even after controlling for 12 possible confounding factors.

The psychosocial adjustment and general state of health were investigated in 66 patients (40 males, 26 females) who had been subjected to an ileal conduit urinary diversion on account of bladder cancer (44 patients) or incontinence or bladder dysfunction (22 patients). Seventy per cent of the patients reported unchanged, overall, social activity (OSA) after the operation. Twenty per cent reported less and 10% more activity. Bladder-cancer patients were more likely to curtail their social activities compared with the patients with incontinence or bladder dysfunction. Appliance-related problems were mentioned by half of the patients who reported decreased OSA. One-third of the patients considered accidental leakage or fear of such leakage as the most negative aspect of surgery. Factors related to an altered body image were the most common negative aspect reported by females. Despite psychosocial problems, the majority of the patients (80%) considered their health to be good. Males, individuals working full-time and patients with unchanged OSA scored higher on a Health Index, i.e. considered themselves healthier than the rest of the patients.

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