Edge computing is a recent computing paradigm that brings cloud services closer to the client. Among other features, edge computing offers extremely low client/server latencies. To consistently provide such low latencies, services need to run on edge nodes that are physically as close as possible to their clients. Thus, when a client changes its physical location, a service should migrate between edge nodes to maintain proximity. Differently from cloud nodes, edge nodes are built with CPUs of different Instruction Set Architectures (ISAs), hence a server program natively compiled for one ISA cannot migrate to another. This hinders migration to the closest node.We introduce H-Container, which migrates natively-compiled containerized applications across compute nodes featuring CPUs of different ISAs. H-Container advances over existing heterogeneous-ISA migration systems by being a) highly compatible -no source code nor compiler toolchain modifications are needed; b) easily deployable -fully implemented in user space, thus without any OS or hypervisor dependency, and c) largely Linux compliant -can migrate most Linux software, including server applications and dynamically linked binaries. H-Container targets Linux, adopts LLVM, extends CRIU, and integrates with Docker. Experiments demonstrate that H-Container adds no overhead on average during program execution, while between 10ms and 100ms are added during migration. Furthermore, we show the benefits of H-Container in real scenarios, proving for example up to 94% increase in Redis throughput when unlocking heterogeneity.CCS Concepts: • Computer systems organization → Heterogeneous (hybrid) systems; • Software and its engineering → Operating systems.
Edge computing is a recent computing paradigm that brings cloud services closer to the client. Among other features, edge computing offers extremely low client/server latencies. To consistently provide such low latencies, services should run on edge nodes that are physically as close as possible to their clients. Thus, when the physical location of a client changes, a service should migrate between edge nodes to maintain proximity. Differently from cloud nodes, edge nodes integrate CPUs of different Instruction Set Architectures (ISAs), hence a program natively compiled for a given ISA cannot migrate to a server equipped with a CPU of a different ISA. This hinders migration to the closest node. We introduce H-Container, a system which migrates natively-compiled containerized applications across compute nodes featuring CPUs of different ISAs. H-Container advances over existing heterogeneous-ISA migration systems by being a) highly compatible – no user’s source-code nor compiler toolchain modifications are needed; b) easily deployable – fully implemented in user space, thus without any OS or hypervisor dependency, and c) largely Linux compliant – it can migrate most Linux software, including server applications and dynamically linked binaries. H-Container targets Linux and its already-compiled executables, adopts LLVM, extends CRIU, and integrates with Docker. Experiments demonstrate that H-Container adds no overheads during program execution, while 10 − 100 ms are added during migration. Furthermore, we show the benefits of H-Container in real-world scenarios, demonstrating for example up to \(94\% \) increase in Redis throughput when client/server proximity is maintained through heterogeneous container migration.
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