H-Container: Enabling Heterogeneous-ISA Container Migration in Edge Computing

Abstract

Edge computing is a recent computing paradigm that brings cloud services closer to the client. Among other features, edge computing offers extremely low client/server latencies. To consistently provide such low latencies, services should run on edge nodes that are physically as close as possible to their clients. Thus, when the physical location of a client changes, a service should migrate between edge nodes to maintain proximity. Differently from cloud nodes, edge nodes integrate CPUs of different Instruction Set Architectures (ISAs), hence a program natively compiled for a given ISA cannot migrate to a server equipped with a CPU of a different ISA. This hinders migration to the closest node. We introduce H-Container, a system which migrates natively-compiled containerized applications across compute nodes featuring CPUs of different ISAs. H-Container advances over existing heterogeneous-ISA migration systems by being a) highly compatible – no user’s source-code nor compiler toolchain modifications are needed; b) easily deployable – fully implemented in user space, thus without any OS or hypervisor dependency, and c) largely Linux compliant – it can migrate most Linux software, including server applications and dynamically linked binaries. H-Container targets Linux and its already-compiled executables, adopts LLVM, extends CRIU, and integrates with Docker. Experiments demonstrate that H-Container adds no overheads during program execution, while 10 − 100 ms are added during migration. Furthermore, we show the benefits of H-Container in real-world scenarios, demonstrating for example up to \(94\% \) increase in Redis throughput when client/server proximity is maintained through heterogeneous container migration.

Kubemon: extrator de métricas de desempenho de sistema operacional e aplicações conteinerizadas em ambientes de nuvem no domínio do provedor

“…Dentre as duas maneiras de virtualizac ¸ão as VMs é alvo de massiva utilizac ¸ão na indústria e foco de estudos, no entanto apresentam uma sobrecarga significativamente maior em comparac ¸ão a containers justamente por instanciarem todo um SO sobrejacente à outro [dos Santos et al 2023a]. Dessa forma, empresas têm migrado suas aplicac ¸ões para containers, pois apresentam tempo de criac ¸ão, consumo de memória e processamento e maior flexibilidade substancialmente menores que VMs [Xing et al 2022]. Além disso, como a virtualizac ¸ão ocorre a nível de SO, todos os inquilinos compartilham do mesmo SO do provedor de nuvem e executando de forma isolada uns dos outros, porém, por serem processos, são gerenciados pelo escalonador de processos do SO.…”