Oligodendrocytes in the ganglion cell layer, the myelinating cells in the chicken retina, were investigated morphologically and quantitatively. Oligodendroblasts divided in the inner retinal layer around the 14th day of incubation and differentiated into oligodendrocytes. The oligodendrocytes started sheathing an axon in the nerve fiber layer at the 14th day of incubation. The number of myelin lamellae increased rapidly during the first week after chicks had hatched. An immunological reaction of anti-myelin basic protein was observed on the myelin sheaths in the nerve fiber layer and on the oligodendrocytes in the ganglion cell layer. These results suggest that the oligodendrocytes form the myelinated nerve fiber layer of the chicken and that they act independently of the Müller cells during myelination.
Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) alpha and gamma are ligand-dependent transcription factors that are key regulators of lipid and carbohydrate homoeostasis. Fatty acids bind to the ligand-binding domains (LBDs) of PPARalpha and PPARgamma and activate these receptors. To clarify whether fatty-acyl-CoAs interact directly with the LBDs of PPARalpha and PPARgamma, we performed a competition binding assay with radiolabelled KRP-297, a known dual agonist for these receptors. We show here that fatty-acyl-CoAs bind directly to PPARalpha and PPARgamma. Interestingly, fatty-acyl-CoAs, unlike fatty acids, failed to recruit steroid receptor co-activator 1 (SRC-1), on the basis of conformational changes in the LBDs of PPARalpha and PPARgamma. Moreover, fatty-acyl-CoAs also markedly inhibited agonist-induced recruitment of SRC-1. These findings demonstrate that fatty-acyl-CoAs have a novel function in the signalling pathways of PPARalpha and PPARgamma.
Serum magnesium concentration increased significantly, but not critically, after daily treatment with magnesium oxide in constipated children with normal renal function.
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