In modern agriculture, besides providing high and stable yields, it is imperative to produce products with a high nutritive quality. The goal of this study was to determine the effect of different fertilization regimes on the macro- and micronutrients in beetroot. A 3-year field trial was set up according to a Latin square method with four types of fertilization (unfertilized control, 50 t stable manure ha −1 , and 500 and 1,000 kg NPK 5-20-30 ha −1 ). The mineral content was determined as follows (mg 100 g −1 in fresh weight of beetroot): 14–29 P, 189–354 K, 18–34 Ca, 17–44 Mg, 0.67–1.83 Fe, 0.41–0.65 Mn and 0.28–0.44 Zn. The highest beetroot P content was determined for the treatment with stable manure, especially in a year with dry climatic conditions. The highest beetroot K content was determined for the treatment with 1,000 kg NPK 5-20-30 ha −1 , but at the same time for the same treatment, a general decreasing trend of micronutrient content was determined, due to the possible antagonistic effect of added potassium. For better mineral status of beetroot, application of combined mineral and organic fertilizers supplemented with additional foliar application of micronutrients can be suggested.
The research aim was to determine the influence of different organic and mineral fertilization treatments and post-harvest treatments on the content of nitrogen and crude proteins in the edible part of beetroot (Beta vulgaris var. conditiva). A field trial (2003-2005) was set up in a hilly part of Croatia according to the Latin square method with four types of fertilization (control, 50 t ha-1 stable manure, 500 and 1000 kg ha-1 NPK 5-20-30), while treatments involved harvested fresh beetroot and stored fresh beetroot. The highest dry weight (DW) content was determined in climatologically favourable 2004 (average 14.8% DW) and in the treatment with 1000 kg ha-1 NPK 5-20-30 (15.6% DW) in harvested beetroot. In 2004 and 2005, the highest levels of nitrogen and crude proteins in harvested beetroot were determined in the treatment with 1000 kg ha-1 NPK 5-20-30 (2.41 and 2.43 g N kg-1 in fresh weight and 15.07 and 15.21 g crude proteins kg-1 in fresh weight, respectively). Regardless of fertilization treatment or studied year, nitrogen and crude protein contents were higher in stored than in harvested beetroot, by 12% on average. The lowest crude protein content was determined in treatment with stable manure what confirmed that protein content decreased by organic fertilization. It can be concluded that beetroot lost some water during the storage period, which increased its content of nitrogen and crude proteins in fresh weight and thus increased the nutritional quality of beetroot as a functional food.
The aim of this study was to assess the influence of the application of mycorrhizal fungal inoculum on “Cabernet Sauvignon” (Vitis vinifera L.) leaf gas exchange, yield parameters, as well as grape berry composition, especially regarding phenolic compounds. The experiment was conducted over two years under natural vineyard conditions of the Zagreb wine-growing area, the continental region of Croatia. “Cabernet Sauvignon” grapevines were grafted on SO4 rootstock, both being commonly used in all wine production areas in Croatia. Results obtained demonstrated that symbiotic grapevines, in general, expressed improved leaf gas exchange parameters and higher yield parameters, especially regarding the number of clusters per vine. It should be emphasized that mycorrhizal fungi affected higher total flavan-3-ols, total anthocyanins, and total polyphenols in berry skin in both experimental years. Despite variation in some yield parameters, generally, it is possible to obtain higher yields together with the improved phenolic composition of grapes.
The application of municipal sewage sludge as fertilizer in the production of non-food energy crops is an environmentally and economically sustainable approach to sewage sludge management. In addition, the application of municipal sewage sludge to energy crops such as Miscanthus x giganteus is an alternative form of recycling nutrients and organic material from waste. Municipal sewage sludge is a potential source of heavy metals in the soil, some of which can be removed by growing energy crops that are also remediation agents. Therefore, the objective of the research was to investigate the effect of municipal sewage sludge applied at three different rates of 1.66, 3.22 and 6.44 t/ha on the production of Miscanthus. Based on the analyses conducted on the biomass of Miscanthus fertilized with sludge from the wastewater treatment plant in three fertilization treatments, it can be concluded that the biomass of Miscanthus is a good feedstock for the process of direct combustion. Moreover, the application of the largest amount of municipal sewage sludge during cultivation had no negative effect on the properties of Miscanthus biomass. Moreover, the cellulose and hemicellulose content of Miscanthus is ideal for the production of second-generation liquid biofuels. Fertilizer treatments had no effect on the content of cellulose and lignin, while a significant statistical difference was found for hemicellulose.
Cilj ovoga rada bio je usporediti dvije mješovite sastojine (provenijencije) obične bukve i hrasta kitnjaka, iz istočne (provenijencija Slavonski Brod - SB) i sjeverozapadne (provenijencija Karlovac - KA) Hrvatske, s obzirom na klimatske i edafske prilike te raspraviti njihov utjecaj na rast i produkciju suhe tvari prirodnog pomlatka hrasta kitnjaka i obične bukve u kontekstu njegove funkcionalne prilagodbe na prethodno spomenute stanišne prilike. Glavna razlika između provenijencija s obzirom na klimatske prilike ogleda se u prosječno većoj količini oborina na području provenijencije KA. Unatoč tomu, zbog nepovoljnog rasporeda oborina za vrijeme rasta i razvoja istraživanog pomlatka u razdoblju 2016. – 2020. godine područje provenijencije KA odlikovalo se učestalijom pojavom sušnih perioda nego područje provenijencije SB. S obzirom na edafske prilike (fizikalne i kemijske značajke tla) provenijencije se nisu značajnije razlikovale. Međutim, tlo provenijencije KA odlikovalo se nešto lakšom strukturom (manje gline i više skeleta) u odnosu na tlo provenijencije SB. Razlike između provenijencija i vrsta s obzirom na cijeli niz mjerenih parametara koji opisuju rast i produkciju suhe tvari istraživanog pomlatka uključujući i njihove alometrijske odnose ispitan je pomoću dvofaktorske ANOVA-e. Dobiveni rezultati ukazuju da je pomladak iz provenijencije KA ulagao više suhe tvari u rast i razvoj korijenja s posebnim naglaskom na sitno korijenje i pri tom se dublje zakorjenjivao te razvijao deblju i nižu stabljiku nego pomladak iz provenijencije SB. To ukazuje da je pomladak iz provenjencije KA funkcionalno prilagođeniji sušem staništu. Takav rezultat mogao bi biti posljedica različito ispoljene fenotipske modifikacije (reakcije na sušu) i/ili stvarnih genetskih razlika između provenijencija, što ovom prilikom nije bilo moguće točnije razlučiti. Dobivene razlike u rastu i produkciji suhe tvari između kitnjakova i bukova pomlatka odgovaraju već otprije poznatom načinu njihove funkcionalne prilagodbe na vlažnost, odnosno suhoću staništa. To znači da se kitnjakov pomladak dublje zakorjenjivao i pri tom je više suhe tvari ulagao u rast krupnog korijenja u odnosu na bukov pomladak koji se pliće zakorjenjivao i pri tom više suhe tvari ulagao u rast sitnog korijenja.
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