The aim of the study was to determine serum concentrations of afamin and adropin in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis and to define their correlation with the stage of disease. The study included 99 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis from the region of Lublin, (Eastern Poland). Liver cirrhosis was diagnosed based on clinical features, history of heavy alcohol consumption, laboratory tests and abdominal ultrasonography. The control group consisted of 20 healthy individuals without liver disease who did not abuse alcohol. The serum afamin and adropin concentrations were determined using ELISA kits. The concentration of afamin was found to be significantly lower in patients with compensated alcoholic liver cirrhosis, i.e. P-Ch B (85.1±40.6 μg/ml) and P-Ch C (56.4±32.3 μg/ml) individuals, compared to the control group (135.9±43.6 μg/ml); p-value was <0.01 and <0.001, respectively. As far as adropin is concerned, a reverse relationship was demonstrated: the highest concentration was found in patients with P-Ch C (11.7±5.7 ng/ml) cirrhosis. Furthermore, the above concentration was significantly higher compared to patients with P-Ch A cirrhosis (7.2±2.8 ng/ml; p<0.05) and controls (7.5±2.6 ng/ml; p<0.05). The concentration of afamin decreases with the severity of alcoholic liver cirrhosis, which most likely results from impaired hepatic synthesis. Otherwise, the higher the stage of disease according to the Child-Pugh score, the higher the concentration of adropin.
Introduction. In Poland, an increasing number of patients are hospitalized due to liver diseases. One of the common liver diseases is cirrhosis, which can be caused by alcohol, viral hepatitis, autoimmune processes and metabolic diseases. Materials and method. The study included 99 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis from the Lublin region of Eastern Poland. The control group consisted of 20 healthy individuals without liver disease who did not abuse alcohol. The concentrations of serum kallistatin and chemerin were determined using ELISA kits. Objective. The aim of the study is to evaluate serum levels of kallistatin and chemerin in patients with different stages of alcoholic liver cirrhosis. Results. The highest chemerin level was found in the control group-182.6±80.4 ng/ml. In other stages of liver cirrhosis, the following levels were observed: 175.7±62.7 ng/ml in Child-Pugh stage A (Ch-P A), 150.2±59.7 ng/ml in Ch-P B and 110.3±73.6 ng/ml in Ch-P C. Significant differences in chemerin levels between controls and Ch-P C patients (p=0.01), as well as between the Ch-P A patients and Ch-P C patients (p=0.02), were demonstrated. The highest kallistatin level was demonstrated in the control group-8.2±3.5 μg/ml. In other stages of liver cirrhosis, the following concentrations were found: 7.2±27 μg/ml in Ch-P A, 4.4±2.2 μg/ml in Ch-P B and 3.5±1.9 μg/ml in Ch-P C (Tab. 3). Statistically significant differences were observed between controls and Ch-P B patients (p<0.001), controls and Ch-P C patients (p<0.001), Ch-P A and Ch-P B patients (p=0.01), as well as Ch-P A and Ch-P C patients (<0.001). Conclusions. The levels of chemerin and kallistatin decrease with progression of liver damage during alcoholic liver cirrhosis. The impairment of its synthetic function leads to reductions in levels of the adipokines studied.
Introduction: Liver cirrhosis develops in about 10% of alcohol abusers. To date, a number of cells and cytokines have been identified, which are involved in induction of liver fibrotic processes. Nevertheless, the pathogenesis of liver cirrhosis has not been fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to determine serum concentrations of afamin and adropin in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis and to define their correlation with the stage of disease. Materials and methods: The study included 99 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis from the region of Lublin, (Eastern Poland). Liver cirrhosis was diagnosed based on clinical features, history of heavy alcohol consumption, laboratory tests and abdominal ultrasonography. The control group consisted of 20 healthy individuals without liver disease who did not abuse alcohol. The serum afamin and adropin concentrations were determined using ELISA kits. Results: The concentration of afamin was found to be significantly lower in patients with compensated alcoholic liver cirrhosis, i.e. P-Ch B (85.1±40.6 μg/ml) and P-Ch C (56.4±32.3 μg/ml) individuals, as compared to the control group (135.9±43.6 μg/ml); p-value was <0.01 and <0.001, respectively. As far as adropin is concerned, a reverse relationship was demonstrated: the highest concentration was found in patients with P-Ch C (11.7±5.7 ng/ml) cirrhosis. Furthermore, the above concentration was significantly higher compared to patients with P-Ch A cirrhosis (7.2±2.8 ng/ml; p<0.05) and controls (7.5±2.6 ng/ml; p<0.05). Conclusions: The concentration of afamin decreases with the severity of alcoholic liver cirrhosis, which most likely results from impaired hepatic synthesis. Otherwise, the higher the stage of disease according to the Child-Pugh score, the higher the concentration of adropin.
Introduction and Objective. For many decades, small-Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) has been considered a non-surgical disease and is traditionally managed by chemo-and radiotherapy. However, recent advances in early detection of pulmonary lesions have made it possible to detect small cell lung cancer at a very early stage of development. The aim of this review was to assess the current state of knowledge on the role of surgical pulmonary resection in patients with early stage SCLC, and to determine the optimal diagnostic and therapeutic strategy for patients with pulmonary nodules suspected for SCLC. Review Methods. A literature search of the PubMed database was conducted using the key words: 'small cell lung cancer pulmonary resection not[non]' in the last 5 years. 99 manuscripts were found. Of these, only dealing directly with surgical pulmonary resection in SCLC were selected. Based on these criteria, 14 publications were identified and included in the review. Brief description of the state of knowledge. Current scientific and clinical data reveal that surgical resection offers patients with SCLC considerable therapeutic benefits with favourably high overall survival rates. Analyzed reports showed that the local relapse rate in patients after surgical resection was significantly lower than in the non-surgical group. Furthermore, definitive surgical resection with adjuvant chemotherapy resulted in improved survival for patients with early stage SCLC, when compared to conservative approach. Summary. Pulmonary resection of an early stage SCLC as a component of combined treatment offers considerable therapeutic benefits, among which almost 100% local control is of the greatest importance. Up-to-date clinical strategies strongly support the recommendation that peripheral pulmonary lesions suspected to be malign, should be surgically resected, unless serious contraindications are indicated.
treatment of large-cell neuroendocrine cancer of the lung in a patient with situs inversus totalis.
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