Anemia in mild acute febrile illnessesThis study was designed to furtrer characterize anemia associated to mild infections in children. Thirteen infants and children aged 4 months to 10 years end with an acute febrile illness, all from an outpatient clinic, were included in this study. A blood sampe was ootained at diagnosis and 30 days later, for comple'e blood count, serum iron, total iron binding capacity, transferrin saturation, free erythrocyle orotoporphyrin, serun fe'ri-in, erythrocyte sedimentation rate ana C reactive protein. During the acute infection there was a significant reduction of blood hemoglobin [11.5 ± : .2 vs. '2.0 ± 1.6 g/l; E> < 0.02), -eticulocyte count index [0.3 ± 0.2 vs. 0.7 ± 0.4; p < 0.02], serum iron [36.6 ± 20.6 vs. 73.8 ± 34.8 pg/d ; p<0.001), transferrin saturation (11.1 ± 7.1% vs. 20.8 ± 12.0 % , p < 0.001) crd a significant rise in mean red blood cell volume [80 ± 5 vs. 77 ± 5 fl; p < 0.01) and serum : erritr (mean 26, range 8 to 86 vs. 10, range ^ a 21 ng/l; p < 0.004). Three children had a fall in hemoglobin greater tr.an • g/dl. This anemia was likely causec by reduced red cell output due to blockage of iron release and in some cases associated to hemo.ysis. Free erythocyle p r otoporphyrin was useful to distinguish iron deficiency anemia from anemia due to "he acute infection. C react : ve protein activity was also use £ ul because all patients had more than 6 me/I during the acute phase of infection.
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