In the light of clinical observations that local anaesthetic impairs wound healing, the effect of lignocaine at various concentrations, with and without adrenaline, on the tensile strength of skin wounds in rats 3, 5 and 7 days after operation was studied. Lignocaine had an adverse effect on wound healing at 5 and 7 days, perhaps due partly to the destructive effect of the intra- and subcutaneous injection, but certainly due also to the lignocaine itself. Adrenaline potentiated this effect. It was concluded that it is better to use dilute solutions of lignocaine, preferably without adrenaline, for local anaesthesia.
Details of the smoking history were obtained from 288 patients with ulcerative colitis who were more than 15 years of age when colitis developed. Men who had previously smoked presented with colitis at a later age than lifelong non-smokers (mean age difference 15.2 years). The proportion of ex-smokers in this group of patients with colitis was more than twice that expected in the general population. The interval between cessation of smoking and subsequent onset of colitis in ex-smokers was found to be relatively short and in two-thirds of patients occurred within seven years. A tentative model to explain the association between smoking and subsequent colitis is proposed. We suggest that whilst current smokers may have a lower incidence of colitis, ex-smokers appear to be at increased risk of developing the disease. An alternative explanation is that smoking may act in a manner analogous to sulphasalazine.
SUMMARY The incidence of ulcerative colitis in South Glamorgan during the decade 1968-77 remained steady with a mean of 7.2/105/year. The disease was slightly more common in women, male:female ratio 1:1 2. Ulcerative colitis was rare in childhood but showed two peaks of incidence in adults, in the third and fourth decades and in the eighth decade.
Lignocaine has previously been shown to retard wound healing; the retardation is directly related to the concentration of the drug used and is enhanced by the addition of adrenaline. The study described in this paper aimed to determine whether procaine has a similar effect and, if so, whether the effect of sterile water alone and of procaine in various concentrations on the tensile strength of skin wounds in rats. 5 and 7 days after operation. At 5 days sterile water had produced a significant retardation of wound healing. All concentrations of procaine produced significant retardation of healing at 5 days and adrenaline enhanced this effect. By 7 days the effect was greatly diminished and only those rats injected with 2 per cent procaine with adrenaline had significantly weaker wounds. The study suggests that 2 per cent procaine with adrenaline is better avoided and even when lower concentrations are used sutures should be retained for 7 days.
A study of 864 patients with occlusive disease and 246 with ectatic disease was made with reference to their ABO blood groups. The results confirmed the findings of other workers that occlusive disease and myocardial infarction occur more commonly in group‐A individuals and that blood group O seems to confer some immunity to occlusive disease. There was also a probable correlation between group A and ectatic disease, but belonging to group O did not seem to confer any protection in this disease. It was also found that the incidence of myocardial infarction was much lower in ectatic disease than in occlusive disease. It is suggested that ectatic disease and occlusive disease are two distinct entities.
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