Prediction of fatigue life has become an interesting issue in biomaterial engineering and design for reliability and quality purposes, particularly for biometallic material with modified surfaces. Commercially pure titanium (Cp-Ti) implanted with nitrogen ions is a potential metallic biomaterial of the future. The effect of nitrogen ion implantation on fatigue behavior of Cp-Ti was investigated by means of axial loading conditions. The as-received and nitrogen-ion implanted specimens with the energy of 100 keV and dose of 2 × 10 17 ions cm -2 , were used to determine the fatigue properties and to predict the life cycle of the specimens. The effect of nitrogen ion implantation indicated revealed improved the tensile strength due to the formation of nitride phases, TiN and Ti 2 N. The fatigue strength of Cp-Ti and Nii-Ti was 250 and 260 MPa, respectively. The analytical results show good agreement with experimental results.
THE INFLUENCE OF PLATINUM DOPANT ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SnO 2 THIN FILM FOR GAS SENSOR APPLICATION.Doping of platinum on tin dioxide (SnO 2 ) thin film for gas sensor application has been carried out using ion implantation techniques. The SnO 2 thin film has been deposited using dc sputtering method at the conditions; operating pressure 5x10 -2 torr, anode-cathode voltage 2.0 kV, substrate temperature 200 0 C and deposition time one hour. While the Pt ion implantation process were carried out at energy 60 keV and ion doses were varied. From scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation, it was found that SnO 2 :Pt thin film which was deposited by those parameters has a fine morphology with the grain size of thin film was in order of 0.7 -1.0 µm and thickness 4.16 µm. From crystal structure analysis using XRD it was observed that the crystal planes of SnO 2 :Pt were (110), (101), (200), (211), (300), and (112) . From energy dispersive X-rays analysis (EDX) coupled with SEM, it was found that the chemical composition of SnO 2 :Pt thin film were 66.12%-at O, 1.23 %-at Si, 0.12 %-at Pt and 32.53 %-at Sn. It was also found that the influence of platinum dopant on SnO 2 thin film can reduce significantly the resistance of thin film and from response time and sensitivities measurement showed that for every dose variation for different tested gas has a different respons time and sensitivities (no a specific pattern).
Commercially pure (cp) titanium is a relative soft metal and easily broken on friction-wear applications. To improve the hardness of the surface while maintaining the original properties, plasma nitrocarburizing process has been conducted. The effects of the treatment in different temperatures to the surface harness are then studied. In this study, cp titanium plasma nitrocarburizing process is conducted at different temperatures with different process time, i.e. at 350 °C for 3, 4, and 5 hours, and at 450 °C for 2, 3, and 4 hours respectively. Hardness tests are then performed on each specimen by using Micro Vickers Hardness Tester. The hardness values for the plasma specimens nitrocarburizing processes at temperature of 350 °C for process duration of 3 hours, 4 hours, and 5 hours are 74.16 HV, 92.25 HV and 94.41 HV, respectively, while for processes at temperature of 450 °C, the hardness values are 103.70 HV, 121.31 HV, and 126.17 HV for process duration of 2 hours, 3 hours, and 4 hours respectively. Hardness value of specimens which are resulted from the plasma nitrocarburizing process at temperature of 450 °C is higher compared with specimens that are processed at temperature of 350 °C.
One of potential metals to be used in biomechanical applications is the commercially pure (cp) titanium. This material requires a process to improve the mechanical properties of the surface, because it is relatively soft. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of plasma nitro carburizing process to cp titanium surface hardness. In this study, cp titanium plasma nitro carburizing process is conducted at different temperatures, i.e., at 350°C for 3, 4, and 5 h, and at 450°C for 2, 3, and 4 h, respectively. Hardness tests are then performed on each specimen. The depth of penetration in the hardness test is also recorded; the microstructure captures are also taken using an optical microscope. The results show that the longer processing time, the higher the hardness value. In higher temperature, the hardness values correspond to the increasing temperature. In terms of the depth direction, there is a reduction in hardness value compared to the raw material.
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