Abstract. Anxiety is a condition that everyone experiences when they feel something dangerous about themselves. Long-term anxiety can lead to poor sleep quality. Inadequate or poor-quality sleep can cause disturbances in cognitive and psychological functioning as well as a decrease in physical health. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of anxiety on sleep quality in FK Unisba students who were preparing their thesis during the COVID-19 pandemic for the 2021/2022 academic year. This study used an analytic observational research method with a cross-sectional design. The research subjects totaled 134 students who were selected by a simple random sampling technique and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data collection was taken using the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale questionnaire to assess anxiety levels and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index to assess sleep quality. Data were analyzed using the chi-square statistical test. The results showed that the majority of anxiety levels were in the mild category, with as many as 49 respondents (36.57%), with 44 people (32.84%) experiencing poor sleep quality. The results of the value analysis give a p of 0.003 which indicates that the level of anxiety experienced by students affects the quality of sleep. Poor sleep quality causes students who are preparing their thesis to experience various obstacles due to bold preparation which can trigger anxiety so that students do not get peace to sleep. Keywords: Anxiety, Sleep Quality, Student, Thesis Abstrak. Kecemasan adalah suatu kondisi yang dialami setiap orang ketika merasakan sesuatu yang berbahaya pada diri mereka sendiri. Kecemasan jangka panjang dapat menyebabkan kualitas tidur yang buruk. Kualitas tidur yang tidak memadai atau buruk dapat menyebabkan gangguan pada fungsi kognitif dan psikologis serta penurunan kesehatan fisik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kecemasan terhadap kualitas tidur pada mahasiswa FK Unisba yang sedang menyusun skripsi di masa pandemi COVID-19 tahun akademik 2021/2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Subyek penelitian berjumlah 134 mahasiswa yang dipilih dengan teknik simple random sampling yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Pengumpulan data diambil dengan menggunakan kuesioner Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale untuk menilai tingkat kecemasan dan Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index untuk menilai kualitas tidur. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mayoritas tingkat kecemasan pada kategori ringan sebanyak 49 responden (36,57%), dengan 44 orang (32,84%) mengalami kualitas tidur yang buruk. Hasil analisis memberikan nilai p sebesar 0,003 yang menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kecemasan yang dialami mahasiswa berpengaruh pada kualitas tidur. Kualitas tidur buruk diakibatkan mahasiswa yang sedang menyusun skripsi mengalami berbagai kendala akibat penyusunan secara daring yang dapat memicu kecemasan, sehingga mahasiswa tidak mendapatkan ketenangan untuk tertidur. Kata Kunci: Kecemasan, Kualitas tidur, Mahasiswa, Skripsi
Indonesian National Health Insurance (NHI) is a social protection program that ensures the fulfillment of basic needs for proper health by implementing a quality and cost control system. There are still differences in perceptions and complaints felt by patients regarding the implementation of the NHI program. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the implementation of the NHI program based on the perception of all stakeholders in the aspect of health equity, quality of service, and health financing. Quantitative research methods with survey techniques on 204 respondents were selected by stratified random sampling in Al-Ihsan Regional General Hospital West Java Province from January to May 2021. The data were analyzed by using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test on the perception of the stakeholder groups. The results showed that the aspects of health equity, service quality, and health financing on the implementation of the NHI program were in a good category. The increase in Healthcare and Social Security Agency (HSSA) insurance premium was considered the lowest aspect. There were significant differences in the perception of stakeholder groups on the aspects of health equity, service quality, and health financing. There were significant differences in perceptions of health equity based on the ages groups and in perceptions of health financing based on income. This indicates that stakeholders' perceptions of the NHI program affected some conditions, including roles in services, ages, and income. PERSEPSI STAKEHOLDER TERHADAP IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM JAMINAN KESEHATAN NASIONALJaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) merupakan program perlindungan sosial yang menjamin pemenuhan kebutuhan dasar kesehatan yang layak melalui penerapan sistem kendali mutu dan biaya. Masih terdapat perbedaan persepsi dan keluhan yang dirasakan pasien terhadap pelaksanaan program JKN. Tujuan penelitian ini mengevaluasi pelaksanaan program JKN berdasar atas persepsi seluruh stakeholder pada aspek health equity (pemerataan), mutu layanan, dan pembiayaan kesehatan. Metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan teknik survei pada 204 responden yang dipilih secara stratified random sampling di RSUD Al-Ihsan Provinsi Jawa Barat periode Januari−Mei 2021. Analisis data menggunakan Uji Kruskal-Wallis dan Mann-Whitney U terhadap persepsi kelompok stakeholder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aspek health equity, mutu layanan, dan pembiayaan kesehatan pada implementasi program JKN berada dalam kategori baik. Kenaikan premi asuransi BPJS Kesehatan dinilai paling rendah. Terdapat perbedaan signifikan persepsi antara kelompok stakeholder pada aspek health equity, mutu layanan, dan pembiayaan kesehatan. Terdapat perbedaan signifikan persepsi terhadap health equity berdasar atas kelompok usia dan persepsi pada aspek pembiayaan kesehatan berdasar atas pendapatan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa persepsi stakeholder terhadap program JKN dipengaruhi beberapa kondisi, antara lain peran dalam layanan, usia, dan pendapatan.
Abstract. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of death from non-communicable diseases (PTM) in various countries, including Indonesia. Hypercholesterolemia is the main risk factor for CVD. RISKESDAS KEMENKES RI in 2018 noted that 21.2% of Indonesia's population had borderline total cholesterol levels, and 7.6% had high levels. Single garlic (Allium sativum L.), one of Indonesia's biodiversity resources, is known to have a hypolipidemic effect. The high content of bioactive compounds in Allium sativum L., such as flavonoids, saponins, and SAC, plays a major role in reducing blood cholesterol levels. This study aims to determine the effect and mechanism of single garlic bioactive compounds on blood cholesterol levels. Scoping review is the method used, and there are six databases used, namely Proquest, Hindawi, Pubmed, Scopus, Embase, and Garuda. There were 3179 journals with 415 articles that met the inclusion criteria, 4 articles that met the exclusion criteria and PICOS, and 4 articles that met the eligibility criteria. The results of this study showed a decrease in total cholesterol (TC) levels after being given a bioactive compound from the alcoholic extract of Allium sativum L. at various doses, by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and lecithin-cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT). In conclusion, the single bioactive compound of garlic extract is effective in lowering cholesterol levels through increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and LCAT. Abstrak. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) menjadi penyebab kematian utama penyakit tidak menular (PTM) diberbagai negara termasuk Indonesia. Hiperkolesterolemia merupakan faktor risiko utama CVD. RISKESDAS KEMENKES RI tahun 2018 mencatat, 21,2% penduduk Indonesia memiliki kadar kolesterol total borderline dan 7,6% tinggi. Bawang putih tunggal (Allium sativum L.) salah satu keanekaragaman hayati Indonesia yang dikenal memiliki efek hipolipidemik. Tingginya kandungan senyawa bioaktif pada Allium sativum L. seperti flavonoid, saponin dan SAC menjadi pemeran utama dalam menurunkan kadar kolesterol dalam darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dan mekanisme kandungan senyawa bioaktif bawang putih tunggal terhadap kadar kolesterol darah. Scoping review menjadi metode yang digunakan, terdapat enam database yang digunakan yaitu Proquest, Hindawi, Pubmed, Scopus, Embase dan Garuda. Terdapat 3179 jurnal dengan 415 artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi, 4 artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria ekslusi dan PICOS serta 4 artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria kelayakan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan adanya penurunan kadar Total Cholesterol (TC) setelah diberikan senyawa bioaktif dari ekstrak alkohol Allium sativum L. dengan berbagai dosis, melalui peningkatan aktivitas enzim antioksidan dan lecithin-cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT). Simpulan, senyawa bioaktif ekstrak bawang putih tunggal efektif dalam menurunkan kadar kolesterol melalui peningkatan aktivitas enzim antioksidan dan LCAT.
Abstract. Data from the World Health Organization (WHO) for 2021 shows that 36.3 million people live with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS). One province that has made a major contribution to HIV/AIDS cases is West Java, with 6,066 HIV cases and 313 AIDS cases. Data on cases of people living with HIV/AIDS (ODHA) in the city of Bandung until June 2021 found a total of 5,741 cases. Tuberculosis is the most common opportunistic infection that occurs in HIV/AIDS patients. A low immune system can exacerbate both diseases. This study aims to determine the characteristics of opportunistic tuberculosis infection patients with HIV/AIDS at Al-Ihsan Hospital for the 2017-2021 period. The sampling technique used total sampling, with the subject being 62 medical records of HIV/AIDS patients with tuberculosis at Al-Ihsan Hospital. Descriptive research with a cross-sectional approach. The results of this study showed that the number of HIV/AIDS patients with tuberculosis for the 2017-2021 period at Al-Ihsan Hospital was 62 people, out of the total the majority were male, namely 46 people (74%), aged early adulthood (26- 35 years old), 25 people (40%), last high school education, 42 people (68%), 50 people (81%) had pulmonary tuberculosis, 51 people (82%) had a CD4 count <200 cells/μL, and the most commonly experienced clinical symptoms were fatigue by 73% and weight loss by 73%. Characteristics of patients with opportunistic tuberculosis infections with HIV/AIDS at Al-Ihsan Hospital are dominated by men, aged early adulthood, last high school education, have pulmonary tuberculosis, with CD4 counts <200 cells/µL and clinical symptoms of fatigue and weight loss. Keywords: Opportunistic infections, Tuberculosis, TB-HIV co-infection Abstrak. Data World Health Organization (WHO) 2021, diestimasikan 36,3 juta orang hidup dengan Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS). Salah satu provinsi yang berkontribusi besar pada kasus HIV/AIDS adalah Jawa Barat, sebanyak 6.066 kasus HIV dan 313 kasus AIDS. Data kasus orang hidup dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) di Kota Bandung sampai bulan Juni 2021 ditemukan sebanyak 5.741 kasus. Tuberkulosis merupakan infeksi oportunistik paling umum yang terjadi pada pasien HIV/AIDS. Rendahnya sistem kekebalan tubuh dapat memperburuk keadaan kedua penyakit tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik pasien infeksi oportunistik tuberkulosis dengan HIV/AIDS di RSUD Al-Ihsan periode 2017-2021. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling, dengan subjek 62 data rekam medis pasien HIV/AIDS disertai penyakit tuberkulosis di RSUD Al-Ihsan. Penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan jumlah pasien HIV/AIDS dengan penyakit tuberkulosis periode 2017-2021 di RSUD Al-Ihsan sebanyak 62 orang, dari total keseluruhan sebagian besar berjenis kelamin laki-laki yaitu sebanyak 46 orang (74%), berusia dewasa awal (26-35 tahun) yaitu sebanyak 25 orang (40%), pendidikan terakhir SLTA yaitu sebanyak 42 orang (68%), sebanyak 50 orang (81%) mengalami tuberkulosis paru, sebanyak 51 orang (82%) memiliki jumlah CD4 <200 sel/μL, dan gejala klinis yang paling banyak dialami adalah mudah lelah sebanyak 73% dan penurunan berat badan sebanyak 73%. Karakteristik pasien infeksi oportunistik tuberkulosis dengan HIV/AIDS di RSUD Al-Ihsan didominasi oleh laki-laki, berusia dewasa awal, pendidikan terakhir SLTA, mengalami tuberkulosis paru, dengan jumlah CD4 <200 sel/μL dan gejala klinis mudah lelah sebanyak dan berat badan turun. Kata Kunci: Infeksi oportunistik, Tuberkulosis, Koinfeksi TB-HIV
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