Further research is warranted to better understand the role of confocal microscopy in endotheliitis therapeutic management, endothelial cell count and morphology, and keratic precipitate characterization. To date, prophylactic oral antivirals and/or topical corticosteroids may play a role in immune suppression of the herpes virus, although prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trials have not focused specifically on endotheliitis cases.
Recognition of ipsilateral signs such as miosis, ptosis, hydrosis, eyelid edema, hyperemia, rhinorrhea, or nasal congestion is useful in the differential diagnosis of painful ophthalmoplegia, particularly in the diagnosis of Raeder paratrigeminal neuralgia and hemicrania continua. This case study illustrates a rare presentation of Raeder paratrigeminal neuralgia evolving into hemicrania continua presenting as a painful ophthalmoplegia with multiple cranial nerve involvement. The example supports the use of oral prednisone and onabotulinumtoxinA injections although further study is warranted.
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