Subject. Yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida as opportunistic microorganisms found on the oral mucosa in more than a half of the human population. However, there is conflicting evidence about the frequency of Candida detection in periodontal pockets. It has been proved that the fungi of the genus Candida are identified in the content of the gingival furrow and the periodontal pockets in 10% - 90.5% of cases in different geographical regions. As a result of the interaction of the pathogenic periodontal microflora and yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida a burdened underlying disease is usually identified, though the clinical importance of microbial associations in its course is not taken into account. In this regard, the diagnosis of candida-associated periodontitis is not correctly established that leads to poor treatment results. Since different Candida species have inequal sensitivity to the antimycotic and antiseptic drugs used, it is important to investigate the microbial landscape and the Candida fungi contamination of the periodontal pockets to improve the effectiveness of treatment of the CGP. The aim is to study the microbial landscape of the periodontal pockets during the exacerbation of the CGP and to determine the incidence of candida-associated periodontitis.. Material and methods. The fungi species were identified with a set of morphological, biochemical and microbial culture methods. To confirm the diagnosis, culture studies were conducted, microscopic examination of print smears, as well as genoidentification of fungi in the material from the periodontal pocket using a polymerase chain reaction. Results. It was established that Candida-associated periodontitis occurs in 41.79% of cases. Species composition is mainly represented by Candida albicans and Candida Krusei. Conclusions. The degree of contamination of periodontal pockets with the fungi of the Candida genus is associated with the degree of severity of periodontitis. Low and medium levels of contamination are associated with chronic generalized periodontitis of mild degree, medium and high degrees of contamination are associated with the CGP of medium severity, high degree of contamination corresponds to severe forms of the CGP.
According to many researchers, the change in the course of chronic generalized periodontitis is associated with changes in the patient's immune status. As a result, colonization resistance decreases, the etiological role of opportunistic pathogens, fungal associations, which act synergistically with periodontal pathogenic bacteria and contribute to the development of candida-associated periodontitis, increases. Due to the fact that this disease has little specific symptoms, relapsing course and does not respond to standard therapy, characteristic disorders in the immune system can serve as a diagnostic criterion as well as a criterion for evaluating the effectiveness of the treatment. However, to date, this issue has not been studied, taking into account the degree of quantitative contamination of periodontal pockets with fungi of the genus Candida, which was the subject of this study. The aim is to study the state of cellular and humoral immunity during the exacerbation of candida - associated periodontitis with an average and high degree of dissemination of periodontal pockets by Candida fungi. Methodology. A survey of cellular and humoral immunity units of 25 people with intact periodontal disease and 60 patients with exacerbation of candida-associated periodontitis, taking into account the degree of dissemination of periodontal pockets by Candida fungi. Modern and informative immunological methods of research have been used, such as T and B lymphocytes and their subpopulations, phagocytic unit, humoral factors of systemic and local immunity. Results. An immunological study revealed that the exacerbation of candida-associated periodontitis is accompanied by changes in cellular and humoral immunity. The severity and nature of the changes depend on the degree of dissemination of periodontal pockets by Candida fungi. Conclusions. The obtained data on changes in the indices of cellular and humoral immunity can serve as a diagnostic criterion and a criterion for evaluating the effectiveness of the treatment being carried out.
Subject. The problem of complex treatment of candida-associated periodontitis is considered. The authors propose a two-component probiotic, which, due to antagonistic activity regarding periodontal pathogenic infection and fungi of the genus Candida, leads to the relief of the inflammatory process, positive dynamics and stabilization of immunological parameters. The aim ― to evaluate the dynamics of clinical and immunological parameters in the complex treatment of candida-associated periodontitis with an average degree of quantitative seeding of periodontal pockets using a two-component probiotic. Methodology. A clinical and laboratory examination of three groups (I, II, III) of patients with Candida-associated periodontitis with an average degree of quantitative contamination of periodontal pockets (> 3 <6 CFU / ml) was carried out. Patients I groups were prescribed the well-known complex treatment including an antimycotic drug, patients II groups included a two-component probiotic locally in the treatment complex, and patients III groups locally and per os. The state of the oral mucosa was assessed, PMA, PI, OHI - S were determined, and indicators of cellular and humoral immunity were examined. Results. The study made it possible to establish that the inclusion of a two-component probiotic in the complex of treatment of candida-associated periodontitis with an average degree of quantitative contamination of periodontal pockets with fungi of the genus Candida contributes to the relief of the inflammatory process, an increase in phagocytosis, the metabolic activity of neutrophils, the concentration of immunoglobulins A, lysozyme levels, and a decrease in the concentration of immunoglobulins. G, positive dynamics of other indicators of immunity and their stabilization. Conclusions. The inclusion of a two-component probiotic from two strains in the complex treatment of chronic hepatitis C associated with fungi of the genus Candida contributes to the rapid relief of the inflammatory process in periodontal tissues, positive dynamics and stabilization of cellular and humoral immunity parameters.
Subject. The antagonistic activity of the Bacillus Subtilis 3H probiotic was studied on a vast amount of data, which makes it possible to rationalize its use in a periodontal practice. The aim of the paper is to substantiate the use of the Bacillus Subtilis 3H probiotic in periodontal practice by studying the antagonistic activity against periodontal-pathogenic microflora and yeast-like fungi of Candida species. Material and methods. The Bacillus Subtilis 3H probiotic sensitivity of reference (archival) strains, clinical isolates from patients with generalized chronic periodontitis associated with yeast-like Candida species fungi, as well as bacteria test cultures and clinical strains of periodontal pathogens, were studied using the deferred antagonism method (diffusion method, perpendicular streak technique). Results. The conducted study made it possible to establish sufficient antagonistic activity of Bacillus Subtilis 3H probiotic against reference strains, clinical isolates isolated from patients with chronic generalized periodontitis associated with yeast-like Candida species fungi, as well as bacteria test cultures and clinical strains of periodontal pathogens. Conclusions. The study findings allow us to recommend the Bacillus Subtilis 3H probiotic to be widely used in the complex treatment of generalized chronic periodontitis caused by periodontopathic microflora, as well as by yeast-like Candida species fungi.
Thing. Among the fractures of the bones of the facial skeleton are most often re-breaking down the lower jaws. The diagnosis of them does not represent difficulties, but despite this, the clinical course of the lower jaw fractures is often complicated by the development of herbal osteomyelitis, which affects the reparative processes in the bone and for the duration of the temporary disability of patients. In connection with the foregoing, the study of factors af-fecting the clinical course of the lower jaw fractures, and the investigator, but on the duration of the temporary disability of patients, is relevant. Purpose — to study the factors influencing the clinical course of mandibular fractures and the timing of temporary disability of patients Methodology. An analysis of 918 stories of the disease of patients with fractures of the Low-er Chelf. The share of traumatic osteomyelitis is determined. Possible factors that contribute to the development of this complication and an increase in the duration of temporary disability is studied. Results. The development of traumatic osteomyelitis in the fractures of the lower jaw is due to the complex of interrelated factors. The most significant among them are: non-timely appeal of the victims of specialized help, senior wagon, poor-quality assistance in the pre-hospital stage, the presence of a stroke of Zu-Ba, having a chronic infection in the periapical tissues and the incorrect tactics of the doctor in relation to this tooth, Multiple fractures on one side of the chemistry, the choice of the method of fixing fragments. The duration of the temporary disability of patients with the development of traumatic osteomyelitis is significantly larger than with the uncomplicated clinical course of the lower jaw fractures. Conclusions. In order to reduce the frequency of development of traumatic osteomyelitis, it is necessary to conduct targeted prophylactic work aimed at improving the quality of the provi-sion of specialized assistance to patients with fractures of the lower person, both in the dogoital and hospital stages.
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