Little is known about provider beliefs related to sexual and gender minority (SGM) youth, and how these have changed over time. Our objective was to compare pediatric residents’ beliefs and behaviors about SGM youth to historical data. Forty-eight of 76 (63%) residents completed a survey of items drawn from 2 existing scales. Results were compared with historical data from 1998 to 2012. Compared to historical respondents, residents indicated that they were significantly more likely to take a sexual history from patients under 14 years old and ask about sexual orientation. Residents were significantly less likely to fear offending parents or patients with such discussions. While responses indicated SGM-affirming beliefs, 45% of residents felt they may not know enough about SGM needs to have effective discussions, similar to historical respondents. Ongoing challenges include a perceived lack of knowledge about the needs of SGM youth, representing avenues for future educational intervention.

In adults, metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined as a constellation of at least 3 of 5 cardiometabolic risk factors: central obesity, hyperglycemia, elevated blood pressure, elevated triglycerides, and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. In pediatric populations, MetS remains a controversial topic due to lack of clear consensus regarding the definition, clinical utility, and lack of standardized guidelines. Despite these controversies, pediatric MetS is receiving increasing clinical and research attention due to the growing obesity epidemic and a substantial increase in the use of second-generation antipsychotics in recent years. Clinicians should be familiar with prevention, early identification, and management of obesity and metabolic derangements while working with youth with psychiatric disorders. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2020;50(8):326–333.]

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