We demonstrate the defect-free assembly of versatile target patterns of up 111 neutral atoms, building on a 361-site subset of a micro-optical architecture that readily provides thousands of sites for single-atom quantum systems. By performing multiple assembly cycles in rapid succession, we drastically increase achievable structure sizes and success probabilities. We implement repeated target pattern reconstruction after atom loss and deterministic transport of partial atom clusters necessary for distributing entanglement in large-scale systems. This technique will propel assembledatom architectures beyond the threshold of quantum advantage and into a regime with abundant applications in quantum sensing and metrology, Rydberg-state mediated quantum simulation, and error-corrected quantum computation.
We present a novel optical tweezer implementation combining rapid prototyping of user defined microlens arrays with spatial light modulation for site-selective addressing. Using 3D femtosecond direct laser writing we manufacture a microlens array of 97 lenslets exhibiting quadratic and hexagonal packing and a transition region between the two. We use a digital micromirror device to adapt the light field illuminating the individual lenslets providing control over each associated tweezer spot.arXiv:1905.06929v2 [physics.optics]
We present a general analysis for determining the optimal modulation parameters for the modulation transfer spectroscopy scheme. The results are universally valid and can be applied to spectroscopy of any atomic species requiring only the knowledge of the effective linewidth Γeff. A signal with optimized slope and amplitude is predicted for a large modulation index M and a modulation frequency comparable to the natural linewidth of the spectroscopic transition. As a result of competing practical considerations, a modulation index in the range of 3 ≤ M ≤ 10 has been identified as optimal. This parameter regime is experimentally accessible with a setup based on an acousto-optic modulator. An optimized signal for spectroscopy of the rubidium D2 line is presented. The signal shape and the dependence on the modulation parameters are in very good agreement with the theoretical description given. An experimental procedure for achieving a strong suppression of residual amplitude modulation is presented. Based on the optimized signal, we demonstrate long-term laser stabilization resulting in a laser linewidth of 150 kHz (16 s average) and a frequency stability of 18 kHz (rms) over 15 hours.
Assembled arrays of individual atoms with Rydberg-mediated interactions provide a powerful platform for the simulation of many-body spin Hamiltonians as well as the implementation of universal gate-based quantum information processing.We demonstrate the first realization of Rydberg excitations and controlled interactions in microlens-generated multisite trap arrays of reconfigurable geometry. We utilize atom-by-atom assembly for the deterministic preparation of pre-defined 2D structures of rubidium Rydberg atoms with exactly known mutual separations and selectable interaction strength. By adapting the geometry and the addressed Rydberg state, a parameter regime spanning from weak interactions to strong coupling can be accessed. We characterize the simultaneous coherent excitation of non-interacting atom clusters for the state 57D 5/2 and analyze the experimental parameters and limitations. For configurations optimized for Rydberg blockade utilizing the state 87D 5/2 , we observe collectively enhanced Rabi oscillations.
We report on the development, implementation, and characterization of digital controllers for laser frequency stabilization as well as intensity stabilization and control. Our design is based on the STEMlab (originally Red Pitaya) platform. The presented analog hardware interfaces provide all necessary functionalities for the designated applications and can be integrated in standard 19-inch rack mount units. Printed circuit board layouts are made available as an open-source project.[1, 2] A detailed characterization shows that the bandwidth (1.25 MHz) and the noise performance of the controllers are limited by the STEMlab system and not affected by the supplementary hardware. Frequency stabilization of a diode laser system resulting in a linewidth of 52(1) kHz (FWHM) is demonstrated. Intensity control to the 1 × 10 −3 level with sub-microsecond rise and fall times based on an acousto-optic modulator as actuator is achieved.
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