To aid in the integration of renewable and residual energy sources in the energy system, energy flexibility is required. By charging and discharging energy storage, energy flexibility can be created and heat demand and heat generation can be matched in time. One possible source of energy flexibility is
Plasma edge transport codes play a key role in the design of future divertor concepts. Their long simulation times in combination with a large number of control parameters turn the design into a challenging task. In aerodynamics and structural mechanics, adjoint-based optimization techniques have proven successful to tackle similar design challenges. This paper provides an overview of achievements and remaining challenges with these techniques for complex divertor design. It is shown how these developments pave the way for fast sensitivity analysis and improved design from different perspectives.
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