Staphylococcus aureus (SA or S. aureus) is a common pathogen that leads to local and systemic infections in communitarian and hospitalised patients. Staphylococcus colonizing nasal or pharyngeal sites can become virulent and cause severe infections. In this study, we collected 322 pharyngeal exudates and 142 nasal exudates from hospitalised and outpatients for screening purposes. The carriage rates in the pharynx were 27.06% for S. aureus, 11.55% for methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and 5.61% for methicillin-oxacillin resistant S. aureus (MORSA). The carriage rates in the nose were 35.38% for S. aureus, 18.46% for MRSA and 13.85% for MORSA. The median multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index of SA was 33.33%. The MAR of MRSA was significantly higher than that of methicillin-susceptible strains (MSSA) (45.45% vs. 18.75%, P<0.0001) and the MAR of MORSA was 57.14%. Hierarchical clustering analysis revealed differences in the resistance of methicillin-sensitive, MRSA and MORSA strains. On the whole, our study demonstrates the pattern of distribution of nasal and pharyngeal colonisation with SA, MRSA and MORSA in adults vs. children, inpatients vs. outpatients, ICU patients vs. non-ICU patients, and females vs. males, which can be used for adjusting the screening and decontamination protocols in a hospital. SA is a pervasive pathogen with constantly changing trends in resistance and epidemiology and thus requires constant monitoring in healthcare facilities.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of laser therapy in post-operative sensitivity by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) to the 57 patients after restoration with two different resins composite. In the first group (28 patients, 30 teeth) it was restored the cavity class I Black with micro-hybrid composite Filtek Z250 - Adper Single Bond (3M/ESPE). In the second group (29 patients, 30 teeth) it was restored the cavity class III Black with nano-hybrid composite Ceram X One Sphere Tec-Prime and Bond One (Etch&Rinse) (Dentsply). The restorative treatments were performed by the same practitioner on posterior and anterior teeth diagnosed with mid-sized chronic carious lesions. Total etch (etch and rinse) strategy of adhesion was used for both composite resins. The laser treatment was performed in 2 sessions at 48 hours and after 7 days, for both study groups using laser Whitening Lase II (DMC Dental). Mean scores for VAS indices decreased significantly at 48 hours and 7 days, following laser treatment for all the investigated parameters (materials, sex, age) (p [ 0.05).

5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) dually influences skeleton status through positive, indirect central effect and negative, direct, gut-associated impact. Circulating form is usually tested via venous blood sample. A limited number of clinical studies are published on this specific topic. We introduce a cross-sectional study on menopausal women with normal (N=29) and low bone mineral density (N=32) based on lumbar Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) to whom serum serotonin was assessed and found no correlation with bone loss. This aspect confirms conflicting published data regarding the relationship between circulating levels and fracture risk assessment.

Acromegaly-related sub/infertility, tidily related to suboptimal disease control (1/2 of cases), correlates with hyperprolactinemia (1/3 of patients), hypogonadotropic hypogonadism—mostly affecting the pituitary axis in hypopituitarism (10–80%), and negative effects of glucose profile (GP) anomalies (10–70%); thus, pregnancy is an exceptional event. Placental GH (Growth Hormone) increases from weeks 5–15 with a peak at week 37, stimulating liver IGF1 and inhibiting pituitary GH secreted by normal hypophysis, not by somatotropinoma. However, estrogens induce a GH resistance status, protecting the fetus form GH excess; thus a full-term, healthy pregnancy may be possible. This is a narrative review of acromegaly that approaches cardio-metabolic features (CMFs), somatotropinoma expansion (STE), management adjustment (MNA) and maternal-fetal outcomes (MFOs) during pregnancy. Based on our method (original, in extenso, English—published articles on PubMed, between January 2012 and September 2022), we identified 24 original papers—13 studies (3 to 141 acromegalic pregnancies per study), and 11 single cases reports (a total of 344 pregnancies and an additional prior unpublished report). With respect to maternal acromegaly, pregnancies are spontaneous or due to therapy for infertility (clomiphene, gonadotropins or GnRH) and, lately, assisted reproduction techniques (ARTs); there are no consistent data on pregnancies with paternal acromegaly. CMFs are the most important complications (7.7–50%), especially concerning worsening of HBP (including pre/eclampsia) and GP anomalies, including gestational diabetes mellitus (DM); the best predictor is the level of disease control at conception (IGF1), and, probably, family history of 2DM, and body mass index. STE occurs rarely (a rate of 0 to 9%); some of it symptoms are headache and visual field anomalies; it is treated with somatostatin analogues (SSAs) or alternatively dopamine agonists (DAs); lately, second trimester selective hypophysectomy has been used less, since pharmaco-therapy (PT) has proven safe. MNA: PT that, theoretically, needs to be stopped before conception—continued if there was STE or an inoperable tumor (no clear period of exposure, preferably, only first trimester). Most data are on octreotide > lanreotide, followed by DAs and pegvisomant, and there are none on pasireotide. Further follow-up is required: a prompt postpartum re-assessment of the mother’s disease; we only have a few data confirming the safety of SSAs during lactation and long-term normal growth and developmental of the newborn (a maximum of 15 years). MFO seem similar between PT+ve and PT-ve, regardless of PT duration; the additional risk is actually due to CMF. One study showed a 2-year median between hypophysectomy and pregnancy. Conclusion: Close surveillance of disease burden is required, particularly, concerning CMF; a personalized approach is useful; the level of statistical evidence is expected to expand due to recent progress in MNA and ART.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in RANKL levels in crevicular fluid (GCF) in patients with chronic periodontitis, with or without chronic occlusal trauma. The study group consisted of 40 patients from whom 72 samples of crevicular fluid were collected. RANKL levels were analyzed by ELISA. We noticed significantly higher differences in RANKL levels for the study group (occlusive trauma patients) than for systemic healthy patients (p = 8.008). Research has shown that secondary occlusal trauma associated with periodontal disease is characterized by significantly higher RANKL levels in patients with chronic occlusal trauma. This partially clarifies the molecular mechanisms that underlie more severe tissue destruction in patients with occlusal trauma.