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RESUMEN.Hasta el momento los estudios sobre reproducción en Macrobrachium acanthurus están poco avanzados siendo importantes si se prevé la posibilidad de su cultivo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar el voltaje más adecuado para la extracción de los espermatóforos y la menor talla con que estos langostinos los producen, como paso previo a desarrollar técnicas de fecundación in vitro. Se utilizaron voltajes de 4,5 y 6,0 voltios, realizándose el conteo de los espermatozoides en base a la supervivencia espermática en frotis coloreados con eosina-nigrosina. En el estudio de las tallas, los langostinos fueron separados en intervalos de clases y analizados en cuanto a la producción de espermatóforos y la supervivencia espermática. El mejor voltaje para la extracción del material seminal debido a menores mortalidades fue 6,0 voltios, a partir de 5 g de peso corporal y 18 mm de longitud de caparazón, cuando los langostinos pueden ser utilizados para la extracción de espermatóforos. Palabras clave: Macrobrachium acanthurus, Caridea, espermatozoides, reproducción, supervivencia espermática. Determination of adequate voltage and animal size for the extraction of spermatophores in the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium acanthurusABSTRACT. So far Macrobrachium acanthurus reproduction studies are poorly advanced being important if there is the possibility of cultivation. The aim of this study was to identify the most suitable voltage for the extraction of spermatophores and the smaller size at which these prawns produce them, as a prior step to develop in vitro fertilization techniques. Voltages of 4.5 and 6.0 were used, performing sperm count based on survival of sperm smears, colored with eosin-nigrosine. In the study of size, prawns were separated into class intervals and analyzed for production of spermatophore and sperm survival. The best voltage for the extraction of seminal material due to lower mortality was 6.0 volts and from 5 g of body weight, and 18 mm of length prawns could be used for the extraction of spermatophores.

The freshwater prawn M. amazonicum is widely consumed by the traditional communities of the Amazon basin. This species is captured by traps throughout the year and particularly during the Amazon dry season, when animals are concentrated in floodplain lakes. The aim of this paper was to know the populational biology of M. amazonicum in the Macurany and Catispera lakes, both located in the city of Parintins, Amazonas, Brazil. Samples were collected monthly from September 2009 to April 2010, using regional fishing gear. Males, females and total fertility were significantly higher in Catispera lake. The largest ovigerous female was recorded for the Catispera lake (56.2 mm) and low to the Macurany lake (18.3 mm). Sexually undifferentiated individuals were captured throughout the collection period in both lakes. It was observed a higher proportion of females than males (1:2.6) in Macurany lake. The reproductive peak was in the full-flood period (December to April). It may be related to the greatest flow of river and overflowing the banks of lakes, which contribute to larvae dispersion.

RESUMOA primeira estapa deste trabalho testou a toxicidade de quatro crioprotetores em espermatozoides de Macrobrachium acanthurus durante 10 e 20 min nas concentrações de 10 e 20%. A segunda etapa foi realizar a criopreservação aplicando o crioprotetor com menor grau de toxicidade, testanto dois mecanismos de congelamento, um automatizado (protocolos A e B) e outro convencional (protocolos C e D), durante 24 horas. O protocolo A apresentou velocidade de resfriamento de 0,5°C min -1 até alcançar -32°C, partindo de uma temperatura de -6°C e idem o protocolo B, com a diferença de partir de uma temperatura ambiente; os protocolos C e D apresentaram uma velocidade de resfriamento de 2 e 10°C min -1 , respectivamente, sendo as palhetas transferidas ao nitrogênio líquido. A terceira etapa foi verificar o tempo de vida do espermatozoide quando refrigerado a 5°C. A viabilidade espermática foi avaliada por meio do esfregaço de sêmen com eosina-nigrosina. Os crioprotetores que se apresentaram menos tóxicos foram o glicerol 10 e 20% e metanol 10%, num tempo de equilíbrio de 10 minutos. A melhor velocidade de congelamento foi a de 2°C min -1 para glicerol 10%, com 21,8% de sobrevivência espermática, sendo a refrigeração até três dias recomendada, com uma sobrevivência de 35,3%.Palavras-chave: caridea; criopreservação; crioprotetores; glicerol; metanol; pitú ABSTRACTIn the first part of this study, toxicity tests were performed on the sperm of Macrobrachium acanthurus using four cryoprotectants for periods of 10 and 20 min at concentrations of 10 and 20%. In the second part, cryopreservation was performed by applying the least toxic cryoprotectant, and two freezing methods were tested over 24 hours: automated (protocols A and B) and conventional (protocols C and D). Protocol A exhibited a cooling rate of 0.5°C min -1 from -6°C to -32°C; protocol B was similar to A except for the starting temperature, which was room temperature; whereas protocols C and D exhibited a cooling rate of 2 and 10°C min -1 , respectively. The third part of the study was conducted to assess the lifespan of the sperm when stored at 5°C, in which sperm viability was evaluated by a semen smear with eosin-nigrosin. The least toxic cryoprotectants were 10 and 20% glycerol, and 10% methanol, and the equilibrium time was 10 minutes. The optimal cooling rate was 2°C min -1 for 10% glycerol, which had a sperm survival rate of 21.8%. Cold storage for up to 3 days is recommended, presenting a sperm survival rate of 35.3%.

Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis is a native species in Brazilian coast. It is one of the most exploited marine resources. In order to contribute to the development of techniques to promote the rearing their cultivation, the objective of this study was to evaluate the pink shrimp reproductive performance in captivity under different sex ratios. Breeders were captured in Sepetiba Bay/Brazil and maintained during 107 days in maturation tanks. One hundred and eight animals were randomly distributed into tanks 18 in the proportions 1:1 and 1:2 (M:F). Females have undergone unilateral ablation and identified by markings on their uropods. The evaluation of the reproductive performance was estimated by the number of spawning, fecundity and hatching rate. It was determined optimal size (32,00 mm CL) and minimum weight (24,00 g LW) for reproduction in females. The better fertility and nauplii hatching indicate that the sex ratio 1:2 is most suitable for this species.

Os jaraquis estão entre as espécies de peixes mais consumidas do Amazonas, destacando-se principalmente nos mercados de Manaus. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar análise sensorial em filés cozidos de jaraqui, verificando a aceitabilidade deste pelo mercado consumidor e agregar valor ao produto final, proporcionando uma possibilidade de renda extra para os comerciantes e indústrias filetadoras da região. Para tanto, foram utilizados 30 exemplares de cada uma das espécies de jaraqui, em um total de 120 filés, oferecidos a 60 provadores não treinados, que avaliaram em uma escala hedônica quanto à aparência, aroma, textura, sabor e gosto, seguido de uma impressão global, bem como suas intenções de consumo e compra; presença de espinhas e a possibilidade do produto ser ofertado na merenda escolar. Os resultados revelaram que apesar da presença de espinhas no filé, mais de 60,00% dos provadores os consumiriam frequentemente e 55,56% certamente comprariam o filé de jaraqui quando ofertado pelo comércio, sendo inclusive aceito como fonte de proteína animal nas dietas escolares. Desta forma, o filé do jaraqui pode se tornar uma forma a mais de se ofertar este produto para o mercado regional e nacional.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the monoculture and polyculture of white shrimp Litopenaeus schmitti and mullet Mugil curema in bioflocs system and clear water. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial arrangement (4x2) with four cultures systems (shrimps and fish) and two culture medium (clear water and bioflocs), with four replications: (M50/0) - monoculture L. schmitti density 50 m- 2; (P50/5) – polyculture L. schmitti and M. curema density 50 m-2 and 5 m2, respectively; (P50/10) – polyculture L. schmitti and M. curema density 50 m-2 and 10 m-2 respectively; (M0/10) - monoculture M. curema density 10 m-2. The polyculture of L. schmitti with mullet affected zootechnical performance of shrimp, however, L. schmitti juveniles showed better performance, for all analyzed indexes, when cultured in the bioflocs. The mullet in monoculture and polyculture with lower stocking density (5m-2) showed better final weight , weight gain and specific growth rate than mullet in polyculture with higher density (10m-2) and better performance when cultured in clear water. The bioflocs contributed significantly to shrimp juvenile growth, however fish did not present the same performance in bioflocs system.

ABSTRACT. This study aims to assess the distribution patterns of porcellanid crabs in the intertidal zone of Sepetiba Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, identifying the abiotic determinants. Samples were collected seasonally (dry and rainy seasons) from January 2005 to August 2007, during low tides in external, intermediate and internal sectors. The crabs were hand caught in consolidated substrates with sampling effort of two people in three different flood zones (lower, medium and higher) for 30 min. Water temperature, salinity, accumulated rainfall, the physical and chemical variables of sediment were analyzed concerning interaction in the distribution patterns of the species. A total of 3,389 crabs, belonging to five genera and eight species, were obtained. With the exception of Petrolisthes armatus, found throughout the intertidal range, all species inhabited the intertidal bottom of Sepetiba Bay exclusively. Favorable environmental conditions of the Sepetiba Bay enabled the success of colonization of several porcellanid species which are a refuge and feeding environment of the Marambaia Island and continental (Junqueira and Ibicuí) of the outer zone. The number of species recorded in this study supporting the hypothesis that features of substratum and the availability of food and refuges are factors limiting the establishment of this family in Sepetiba Bay. Keywords: porcellanids, crustaceans, intertidal zone, organic matter, sediments, Sepetiba Bay, Brazil.Influencia de las variables ambientales sobre la distribución de cangrejos porcelánidos de la zona intermareal de la Bahía de Sepetiba, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil RESUMEN. Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar los patrones de distribución de cangrejos porcelánidos y sus determinantes abióticos en la zona intermareal de la Bahía de Sepetiba, Río de Janeiro, Brasil. El muestreo se realizó estacionalmente (temporadas secas y lluviosas) entre enero de 2005 y agosto de 2007, durante las mareas bajas en sectores externos, intermedios e internos. Los cangrejos fueron capturados manualmente en sustratos consolidados con dos colectores en tres diferentes zonas de inundación (inferior, medio y superior) por 30 min. Se analizó la temperatura del agua, salinidad, precipitación acumulada y parámetros físicos y químicos de los sedimentos para estudiar la interacción en los patrones de distribución de las especies. Durante el período se analizaron 3.389 ejemplares pertenecientes a cinco géneros y ocho especies de crustáceos de porcelánidos. Con excepción de P. armatus, que se encontró en toda la zona intermareal, las demás especies habitaron exclusivamente el intermareal inferior de la Bahía de Sepetiba. Diversas especies de porcelánidos encuentran refugio y alimentación en el medio ambiente de la isla Marambaia y en la parte continental (Junqueira and Ibicuí) perteneciente a la zona externa de la Bahía de Sepetiba. El número de especies registradas en este estudio apoya las hipótesis que las características del sustrato, disponibilidad de alimentos y refugios son factores qu...