Meta-analytic integration confirms that the four functional somatic syndromes (IBS, NUD, FM, CFS) are related to (but not fully dependent on) depression and anxiety. At present, there is only limited meta-analytic evidence for the same sort of association for medically unexplained physical symptoms in general. In view of the relative independence from depression and anxiety, classification and treatment of these symptoms and syndromes as "common mental disorders" does not seem fully appropriate.
The prediction of dementia in AD by SMI with subsequent amnestic MCI supports the model of a consecutive 3-stage clinical manifestation of AD from SMI via MCI to dementia.
Binding activity for nuclear factor kappa B (NF B) consensus probes was studied in nuclear extracts from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 15 septic patients (
Unlike in women, where instruments are available to measure the severity of symptoms, standardized instruments are lacking for aging males. However, a new 'aging males' symptoms' (AMS) rating scale has been developed in the present study, as well as reference values.A total of 1 1 6 medically well-characterized males (aged over 40 years) were recruited to complete a questionnaire o f symptoms, the prevalence of which commonly changes with increasing age. Factor analysis was used to establish the raw scale and to identijy the dimensions of the scale. This raw scale was applied to a large representative population sample of992 German males, to estab-
Orange I1 azoreductase [NAD(P)H : l-(4'-sulfophenylazo)-2-naphthol oxidoreductase], an enzyme catalyzing the reductive cleavage of the azo bridge of Orange I1 and related dyes, was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from Pseudomonas species, strain KF46. This organism utilized carboxy-Orange I1 [I -(4'-carboxypheny1azo)-2-naphthol] but not Orange I1 as the sole source of carbon, energy, and nitrogen. Orange I1 azoreductase was induced 80-fold by both Orange I1 and carboxy-Orange 11. With two successive runs of affinity chromatography using two chromatographic media with different triazinyl dyes as ligands, the enzyme was purified 120-fold with 43% yield. The purified enzyme is a monomer with a molecular weight of 30000. Its K , values were 1.5 pM for both Orange I1 and carboxy-Orange 11, 5 pM for NADPH, and 180 pM for NADH. A survey of the efficiency of various Orange dyes as substrates for Orange I1 azoreductase showed that: (a) a hydroxy group in the 2-position of the naphthol ring is required; (b) charged groups in proximity to the azo group hinder the reaction; (c) a second polar substituent on the dye molecule impedes the reaction; (d) electronwithdrawing groups on the phenyl ring accelerate the reaction.
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