Fourteen patients treated with total hip endoprosthesis were investigated for leucocyte defects. A chemotactic assay was used as an indicator of leucocyte function. Tests were carried out preoperatively and on postoperative days 1, 3 and 6. The chemotactic index started to decline on the first postoperative day, reached a peak on the third day after surgery and returned to almost preoperative values on the sixth day. The results might provide a clinical explanation for the data showing a high postoperative infection rate in total hip surgery.
GOT, GPT and some other enzyme levels were measured systematically in 46 patients receiving subcutaneous heparin treatment. The heparin dosage varied between 5,000 and 15,000 IU, given every eight hours. During heparinisation a rise in GPT (average maximal values 67.0 +/- 7.3 U/l on the eighth treatment day) occurred in 89% of patients, while a rise in GOT (mean maximal values 39.7 +/- 3.9 U/l on the fifth treatment day) occurred in 82%. On reaching maximal value, enzyme activity decreased to the initial value despite continuing heparin treatment. A certain dependence of the incidence and (or) extent of the transaminase increase on heparin dosage was noted, especially comparing low-dose and full heparinisation. An increase in gamma-GT during subcutaneous heparinisation occurred in 37% of patients, while there was no significant change in alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase.
The usefulness of a diffusion chamber model for measurement of concentrations of cytostatics in the interstitial fluid of tissues was tested. Chambers (pore size of the membranes: 0.45 mcm) were implanted in the kidney, bladder wall, and prostate of dogs. The concentrations after application of Doxorubicin-hydrochloride (2 mg/kg body wt.) and high doses of Methotrexate (100 mg/kg body wt.) were measured simultaneously and continuously in serum and in the above organs. The investigations showed that knowledge of the plasma level alone does not permit a prediction of the concentrations in the organs to be made. The diffusion chamber technique proved itself to be relatively simple to perform, economical, and it provides reproducible values.
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