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A ternary semicontinuous system for the separation of bio-dimethyl ether from methanol and water is presented. The performance of eight potential control configurations, including the application of temperature inferential control, is evaluated. Dynamic simulations of the semicontinuous system and associated control scheme demonstrate that the temperature inferential control configuration is effective in achieving the separation objectives while remaining within operational limits. The semicontinuous system using the inferential temperature control scheme is simulated and shown to be economically preferable to the traditional continuous process for a range of production rates.

A review of energy conversion systems which use solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) as their primary electricity generation component is presented. The systems reviewed are largely geared for development and use in the short-and longterm future. These include systems for bulk power generation, distributed power generation, and systems integrated with other forms of energy conversion such as fuel production. The potential incorporation of CO 2 capture and sequestration technologies and the influences of potential government policies are also discussed. Review pubs.acs.org/IECR

A zero-emissions power plant with high efficiency is presented. Syngas, produced by the gasification of coal, is shifted to produce H 2 which in turn fuels stacks of solid oxide fuel cells. Because the fuel cells maintain separate anode and cathode streams, air can be used as the oxygen source without diluting the fuel exhaust with nitrogen. This enables recovery of CO 2 from the exhaust with a very small energy penalty. As a result, an absorption-based CO 2 recovery process is avoided, as well as the production of large quantities of high-purity O 2 , allowing a high overall thermal efficiency and essentially eliminating the energy penalty for carbon capture.The air separation unit (ASU) collects air and recovers oxygen by cryogenic distillation. The oxygen is primarily used

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The optimal design and operation of static polygeneration systems using coal and biomass to coproduce power, liquid fuels and chemicals is studied under different economic and policy scenarios. A mathematical model including material and energy balances, capital cost estimations, and economic analyses is proposed. Optimal product portfolios are obtained under different product price scenarios. The influence of different carbon tax policies on the optimal production strategy, such as the implementation of carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) or biomass usage, is also discussed.

The optimal design and operation of flexible polygeneration systems using coal and biomass to coproduce power, liquid fuels, and chemicals is studied. In flexible systems, the various product rates change throughout the lifetime of the plant in response to market conditions in different scenarios. A two-stage programming formulation is proposed to optimize simultaneously the design decision variables and the operational decision variables in all scenarios. The optimal product portfolios, equipment capacity usages, and CO 2 emissions of flexible polygeneration systems under different market conditions are discussed. In general, flexible polygeneration systems achieve higher net present values than static ones for the same oil price and carbon tax. Higher net present values can be obtained with increasing operational flexibility.