Influence of the biomass of legumes on cabbage yield held in two consecutive cropsIn studies assessing the performance of crops in response to green manure generally are not considered the effect of roots. However, such effects may contribute to increase the scientific understanding towards this technique. The effect of the root and of the aboveground part of two legume species, Crotalaria juncea and Canavalia ensiformis, were evaluated on cabbage yield in two crops. The experiment was arranged in randomized blocks with 4 replications in a factorial design (2 x 3) + 2 (2 legumes species -Crotalaria juncea (sunnhemp) and Canavalia ensiformis (jack beans), 3 plant parts (root, aboveground part and the whole plant) and 2 additional treatments (mineral fertilizer 100% and 50% of recommended N). The green manure was applied to the surface. The cultivation with the aboveground part or the whole plant of sunnhemp or jack beans reduced the necessity of fertilization with mineral N in 50%, but the cabbage yield was reduced with the cultivation with the root system of jack beans. Areas with the aboveground part or the whole plant of sunnhemp or jack beans presented higher residual effects on the second crop with mineral N fertilizer. The cultivation with the roots of these legumes resulted in no residual effect different from mineral fertilizer with 50 or 100% of recommended N.

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o tamanho ótimo de parcela (Xo), por amostragem na área total e nas frações de áreas, a fim de avaliar a massa e o diâmetro

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ABSTRACT. The heavy traffic of machines in no-tillage systems causes problems as soil compaction and loss of crops productivity. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the productivity of soybeans in reference to furrow openers and the levels of soil compaction in two crops. The experiment was conducted on Rhodic Hapludox by tracing random blocks with subdivided parcels. The soil bulk density levels were laid out in the parcels (1.16, 1.20, 1.22, and 1.26 Mg m -3) and the furrowers in the sub-parcels (double disc and shanks). The resistance to penetration, depth of the furrow, mobilized soil area, final plant stands, height of plants, mean number of beans by pod, 1,000 bean mass, number of pods per plant and productivity of the culture were evaluated. The resistance to penetration increased with the levels of soil compaction regardless of the farming year and up to a depth of 0.20 m. In the first crop, higher productivity with the use of the shank was observed. In the second crop, the use of the shank resulted in an increase in depth of the furrow, mobilized soil, height of the plants and final stand of the plants, but this did not indicate an increase in productivity.

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RESUMOAmounts of N from green manures not absorbed in the first cycle can be absorbed by the subsequent crops. Therefore, it is important to quantify and monitor the residual effects of green manure to increase the agronomic benefits of its use in cropping systems. Our purpose was to study the residual effect of doses of the Crotalaria juncea green manure applied in broccoli crop in the zucchini-maize succession. This study was carried out in a crop succession system organized in three crops, with seven treatments and four major doses of green manure as 0, 3, 6, and 9 t ha -1. The control treatments consisted of a mineral fertilization, a treatment with 25 t ha -1 compost, and another as absolute control without organic compost or mineral fertilizer. The experimental plot consisted of five rows spaced 0.8 m with 3 m in length. The experimental design was a completely randomized block with four replications in a split-plot scheme in time for growth with variables of adjustment of statistical models by the response surface methodology. With the highest dose of green manure, the yield of zucchini plants was greater than the yield with 25 t ha -1 compost control and similar with mineral fertilizer. As for the maize yield in the dose of 9 t ha -1 green manure, the yield was superior only to absolute control. There was a residual effect of C. juncea mass, which was applied in broccoli crop for growth and yield of zucchini and maize grown in succession. The residual effect is dependent on the amount of weight of C. juncea applied, with the greatest effects in larger doses.

Verdolaga contains high concentrations of omega-3, omega-6 and antioxidant compounds (Dliveira et al., 2009). Ot is used in folk medicine for its diuretic, anti-inflammatory and vermifuge effects (Albuquerque et al., 2007; Xiang et al., 2005). As a food, it can be consumed in salads, juices and stir-fries, imparting a mildly acidic flavor (Dliveira et al., 2009). Nasturtium is an ornamental, edible and medicinal plant. On cuisine, the flowers are used to decorate plates, especially salads, and have a spicy flavor (Mlcek & Rop, 2011). For medicinal use, it is considered an important source of carotenoids (Garzón & Wrolstad, 2009), and for having antibacterial, diuretic, expectorant and laxative activities (Mlcek & Rop, 2011). Air yam, as the name suggests, is a bulb that grows above ground. Ot is used in folk medicine to treat cancer and skin infections (Wang et al., 2012). On cuisine, it is used in baked goods and purees, to replace potato flour. Amaranth is a plant with many uses, of all parts. Ot is rich in iron, potassium, calcium, magnesium and vitamins (Jiménez-Aguilar & Grusak, 2017). Ot also has nutraceutical properties for the treatment of infections, hepatic problems, cancer and degenerative diseases (Peter & Gandhi, 2017). Taro is rich in fibers (0.6 to 0.8 g/100 g), proteins (2 to 6 g/100 g), carbohydrates (70-80 g/100 g) and vitamins (Kumar et al., 2017). As an important source of starch, it is employed to make four

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a diversidade genética de acessos de tomates heirloom da coleção do Departamento de Fitotecnia da UFRRJ. A similaridade entre acessos foi determinada por meio de análise de componentes principais seguida de análise de agrupamento, utilizando como variáveis os descritores do IPGRI (International Plant Genetic Resources Institute). No período de maio a setembro de 2004 foram cultivados 22 acessos de tomate, sendo 10 acessos de tomateiro de frutos tipo cereja e 12 de frutos grandes, onde em cada grupo havia acessos heirloom assim como cultivares locais. Os dados oriundos de caracteres quantitativos foram submetidos à análise de componentes principais e seguidos de análise de agrupamento, pelo método 'Ward's minimum variance'. Os dados oriundos de caracteres qualitativos foram transformados em matriz binária, a partir da qual foram calculados os índices de similaridade de Jaccard e submetidos à análise de agrupamento usando o método UPGMA (método da média aritmética não ponderada), que deu origem aos dendogramas de similaridade. Mediante análise dos resultados foi observada a formação de agrupamentos onde os acessos locais se separavam dos genótipos heirloom, indicando variabilidade genética. As análises com os dois tipos de descritores, quantitativos e qualitativos, agruparam os acessos de forma que aqueles de origem local possuíam baixas similaridades com os heirloom importados. Embora os agrupamentos formados pelos dois métodos não sejam idênticos, os dois tipos de análises, em conjunto, são adequados para caracterizações exploratórias em coleções de tomateiro, devido a sua rapidez e praticidade.