No abstract

The potential of the reflective collective portfolio as a method of teaching, learning and assessment needs to be emphasized. The objectives is to assess and validate the quality of the collective portfolio as a method of teaching, learning and assessment in the training of health professional. Portfolio quality was analyzed using an inventory of analysis that was adapted and tested for this study. In total, 70 portfolios were analyzed. The Kappa test was used to analyze reproducibility, confirming the level of agreement between the appraisers. Descriptive analysis and the t-test were performed to compare results from the years the portfolios were produced. The constructs (layout and organization, comprehensive, reflective, critical and creative thought) exhibited Cronbach alpha values above 0.7, confirming the high reliability of the tool. The weighted Kappa test revealed an elevated and significant agreement (+90%) between the appraisers. Notably, certain items and constructs exhibited significant differences over the years. All of the constructs were assessed better from 2011 onwards, when the assessment and self-assessment tool was implemented. The success of the portfolio depends on strategies that provide students with greater clarity and forms of developing the method.

RESUMO:O trabalho objetivou traçar a evolução da Previdência Social brasileira nos 90 anos de história, para identificar obstáculos e entraves em seu percurso para a efetivação dos direitos sociais e entender quais fatores contribuíram para a formação da atual situação financeira. Optou por dividir os 90 anos que marcam o cenário previdenciário em cinco momentos distintos, conforme suas peculiaridades, baseando-se em estudos como os de Malloy (1979), Oliveira e Teixeira (1989), Vianna (1998) e Santos (2009), em que foram analisadas as questões financeiras e políticas e a influência dos modelos da administração pública na formação das políticas previdenciárias. Percebeu-se que as políticas previdenciárias têm se caracterizado por um papel pouco redistributivo, baixa legitimidade democrática das coalizões dos trabalhadores, falta de uma autonomia burocrática e profissionalização das classes sociais e a pequena capacidade de mobilização, dificultando a condução de políticas previdenciárias voltadas para atender as necessidades de bem-estar social da população. Palavras Chaves: Previdência Social, Evolução Histórica, Políticas Previdenciárias. ASBTRACT:The objective of this article was to trace the evolution of the Brazilian Social Security Program in its 90 years of history, aiming to identify possible obstacles and barriers in its path to the fulfillment of social rights and to understand which factors contributed to form the current financial situation of the social-security system. We chose to divide the 90 years that marked the social insurance scenario into five distinguished moments according to their peculiarities, based on studies such as those of Malloy (1979), Oliveira and Teixeira (1989), Vianna (1998) and Santos (2009), in which the aspects related to the financial and political issues as well as the influence of public administration models in the formation of the welfare policies were analyzed. We noticed that the social insurance policies have been characterized by having a somewhat small redistributive role, a low democratic legitimacy of workers coalitions, a lack of bureaucratic autonomy and of professionalization of social classes, and low mobilization ability, hindering the management of social-security policies aimed to meet the social-welfare requirements of the population. 70,8% e 9,5% da receita, respectivamente. KeywordsEste período foi marcado por uma política menos pródiga e menos benevolente, sendo mais restritiva e, principalmente, mais preocupada com a acumulação de reservas financeiras do que com a prestação de serviços. Após a instabilidade evidenciada durante a Grande Depressão, provocada pela crise de 1929 e pela Segunda Guerra Mundial, que afetou a economia e a política brasileira, a previdência passou a integrar a estratégia do Estado, a fim de impulsionar a acumulação capitalista no sistema interestatal em torno da produção e do consumo (Costa, 2005). E, para se acumular as reservas, os benefícios dos trabalhadores sofriam reduções em prol de uma política contencionista, conform...

This study sought to determine the attitude of consumers in the city of Viçosa-MG, Brazil in relation to

One of the main arguments for the existence of public social security systems relates to their potential use as income distribution and welfare policy tools. In this vein, several studies have sought to evaluate the effects of social security benefits on poverty and inequality. However, the evidence obtained from Brazilian studies regarding the effects of social security remains inconclusive, and studies evaluating the impact of social security on social welfare indices are scarce. The objective of this paper is to measure the impact of retirement and pensions provided by social security programs on the welfare level of households in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The methodological approach is based on propensity score matching, and microdata from the National Household Sample Survey (Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios -PNAD, 2009) are used. The results demonstrate that income from retirement and pensions represents an important portion of beneficiary households' income, especially lower-income beneficiary households. The results suggest that social security has a positive effect on the incomes, access to knowledge and living conditions of the households analyzed. The impact of retirement and pensions on households in low-income groups (Classes D and E) tends to be more significant relative to the impact on middle class households (Class C).