Background and Purpose-Therapeutic options for acute ischemic stroke patients presenting on effective anticoagulation are limited. Idarucizumab, a humanized, monoclonal antibody fragment for immediate reversal of dabigatran, may allow this subgroup of orally anticoagulated patients to regain eligibility for thrombolysis. Methods-We report the first successful acute antagonization of dabigatran by idarucizumab before intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator. Results-Idarucizumab was given to a 76-year-old male patient on dabigatran ≈3.5 hours after his last dose. Neurological status on admission was NIHSS (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale) 11. Recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator was initiated immediately after dabigatran reversal. The patient was discharged with a favorable outcome of NHISS 1 on day 7. No complications were observed. Conclusions-This case represents a new therapeutic paradigm. It is further supported by in vitro data showing no nonspecific interactions of idarucizumab with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator-induced thrombolysis. Thus, patients effectively anticoagulated with dabigatran who were previously contraindicated for thrombolytic therapy in this situation may now receive treatment because of the ability to rapidly reverse the anticoagulant activity of dabigatran with idarucizumab.
Service use and estimated costs varied considerably between countries. The greatest differences were related to day-clinic use. The use of services was not consistently higher in one country than in the others. Estimated costs did not necessarily reflect the quantity of service use, since unit costs for individual types of service varied considerably between countries.
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