A study was conducted of the experience of menopause among middle-aged women in a fishing village on the southwest coast of India. These women live in a harsh environment with a standard of living that would be considered economically deprived by an outsider. The women have established their identity as fish sellers. Although they reported experiencing some of the physiological symptoms of menopause typically reported in Western literature, the symptoms were not cause for complaint, and none of them sought medical treatment for them. Nor did these women go through an identity crisis at midlife; they continued to identify themselves as well-established fish sellers, not as redundant, aging housewives. Furthermore, menopause gave them much more time and freedom to pursue their fish-selling business. This paper posits that their continuity in identity accounts for their freedom from the psychological symptoms some Western women experience at midlife.
The purpose of this study was that of attempting to clarify discrepant results regarding classificatory accuracy of the Russell, Neuringer and Goldstein (1970) Process Key. The Process Key is the component of the neuropsychological keys that classifies cases as having recently or remotely acquired brain damage on the basis of level of performance and severity of lateralizing signs. A correct classification of acute brain damage occurs when onset of illness began within 3 months of time of testing. A study of stroke patients indicated that time since onset is an inadequate criterion for producing a satisfactory classificatory level, but time of onset in combination with type of stroke was associated with a high degree of classificatory accuracy. In particular, patients with recent thrombotic/hemorrhagic type strokes were classified as acute with a very high accuracy level, but the classification was substantially less accurate for recent stroke patients with other types of stroke, and for cases that were not of recent onset.
This study indicates that it is probable that the cultural trait of polygamy was instituted as an adaptive measure in a particular ecology within a particular tribal group. Polygamy perpetuated because of its positive contribution to maternal and child health. The study further indicates that it is also probable that monogamy as a foreign cultural trait and its introduction without concomitant changes in other spheres of the ecosystem (biophysical and social environment) must have produced a negative effort on maternal and child health. The particular ecosystem is described and its effects on maternal and child health are pointed out.
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