The aim of this study was to understand the concept of innovative behavior and its theoretical and practical implications for nursing. Methods: Eight-step modification of Wilson's classic concept analysis procedure (1963) by Walker and Avant's (2005) was used to explore the antecedents, attributes, and consequences of innovative behavior in the literature. Electronic searches were conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, OVID Medline, Science Direct, and ERIC databases using "innovative behavior" or "innovative work behavior", "innovativeness", "innovation", "leadership", "healthcare", and "nursing" as keywords, with no limitation on publication date. Results: Organizing the framework based on the method of concept analysis by Walker and Avant , defining attributes to innovative behavior were opportunity exploration, idea generation, idea search, idea communication, promotion of idea, idea championing, application, and overcoming obstacles. Antecedents to innovative behavior are categorized into three groups: organizational characteristics, work environmental characteristics, and individual characteristics. Consequences of innovative behavior included job productivity, lower levels of job burnout, job satisfaction, solving the organizational problems, organizational commitment, organizational efficiency, and effectiveness. Conclusion: Eight dimensions including opportunity exploration, idea generation, idea search, idea communication, idea promotion, championing, application, and overcoming obstacles were analyzed. We suggest promoting innovative behavior through leadership and management in nursing. Future research should focus on developing instruments and conducting empirical studies on innovative behavior in nursing research and practice.

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Objective: This research aimed to explore the significant factors for transcultural self-efficacy applying the Bronfenbrenner's ecological framework. Objectives were to identify the degrees of three domains; cognitive, practical and affective of transcultural self-efficacy, to find the significant differences between demographic factors and transcultural self-efficacy, to examine the relationship among variables and to explore the predictors for the transcultural self-efficacy of nursing students according to the levels of the ecological model. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, quantitative correlational design with secondary data analysis using hierarchical regression models.Results: Demographic factors; geographic location, age, gender and relationship with multicultural groups were significantly associated with transcultural self-efficacy. Geographic location, cultural sensitivity, interpersonal communication skills, and emotional regulation were the predictors for transcultural self-efficacy. Conclusion:Based on the findings, macro and microsystem, and ontogenic factors emphasize the needs of developing knowledge, skills and most importantly attitudes towards the social justice, interacting with every people with no bias on their race, religion, social status controlling their self-emotions and being empathy in nursing students.

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