Objective: Many studies suggested that fucoidan has anticancer potential. The objective of the present study was to determine the cytotoxic effects and mechanism of cell death induced by fucoidan extracted from Fucus vesiculosus on HSC-3 oral squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: HSC-3 cells were treated with 0, 100, 200, and 400 μg/mL of fucoidan. Cell viability was measured using MTT assay. Apoptosis and cell cycle were measured with a flow cytometry-based assay. Chromatin condensation and nuclear fragmentation were determined using Hoechst 33342 staining. Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) was determined using the JC-1 kit. The apoptotic, anti-apoptotic, and autophagic markers study were done by western blot analysis. Results: the viable cell number of treated HSC-3 cells was decreased. Moreover, treated cells were arrested in the G0/G1 phase. Annexin V/PI staining revealed that fucoidan could induce apoptosis in HSC-3 cells. Western blot analysis suggested the up-regulation of apoptotic markers including cleaved caspase-3, cleaved PARP, Bax, and autophagic markers including LC3-II and Beclin-1 but downregulation of anti-apoptotic markers, Bcl-2. Fucoidan could disturb ΔΨm and induce chromatin condensation with nuclear fragmentation. Conclusion: fucoidan has potential in anticancer properties against HSC-3 cells manifested by the induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and autophagy.
22 (12), 4001-4009 is the most common brain tumor and has been found in people worldwide, including in Thailand (Miranda-Filho et al., 2017;Witthayanuwat et al., 2018). Major signs and symptoms of GBM include motor weakness in the beginning, progressive headache, and convulsion. Other signs and symptoms depend on brain areas that the tumor invades into such as hemiparesis, visual loss, and aphasia. The definite cause of this tumor is unknown; however, there are some theories proposed that it might cause by genetic factors, race or, people who have ever received radiation therapy on head-to-neck area (Urbańska et al., 2014). This disease has a poor prognosis, and its survival rate is approximately 13-16 months (Shergalis et al., 2018; Urbańska et al., 2014;Bleeker et al., 2012). The current standard treatments for GBM patients include
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.