A esquistossomose é considerada uma questão de saúde pública, principalmente por sua alta prevalência nos países em desenvolvimento como o Brasil. Tem-se como objetivo deste estudo identificar o retrato epidemiológico da esquistossomose no Brasil, no intervalo de 2017 a 2021. Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico descritivo, cujos dados foram obtidos por meio do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), de endereço eletrônico http://www.datasus.gov.br, além das bases de dados PUBMED e SCIELO, referentes ao período de 2017 a 2021. Os dados obtidos pelo DATASUS foram reorganizados em quadros e analisados posteriormente. Foi observado que, nos últimos 5 anos, o número de internações por esquistossomose no Brasil, por todos os caráteres de atendimento, apresenta maior incidência na região Nordeste (48,46%), além do caráter de atendimento pertencer majoritariamente a urgência (88,56%). Na amostra analisada, foi constatado que 40,83% é constituído de mulheres e 59,17% de homens. Já no que diz respeito à faixa etária, foi certificada a predominância dos internamentos em adultos na faixa etária entre 20-69 anos, com o pico de 60-69 anos (15,62%). Portanto, os achados da alta prevalência da esquistossomose nos atendimentos de urgência no Brasil, principalmente no sexo masculino e na faixa etária economicamente ativa da população, revelam a necessidade de intensificação das práticas de prevenção e diagnóstico correto e precoce, baseados na Sociedade Brasileira de Hepatologia.
Introduction: Countless changes were necessary to overcome the coronavirus pandemic (SARS-CoV-19) since its dissemination. Measures such as physical and social distancing, constant antisepsis surveillance, urgency in checking tasks and the possibility of imminent infection were the pillars of this virus control strategy, and as a consequence, the impacts on the psychosocial development among children and adults teenagers. Psychopathological symptoms found in post-traumatic stress, anxiety and depression disorders have become predominant, with such losses being even more reinforced among children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Objective: To analyze behavioral changes among children and adolescents previously diagnosed with ADHD, during the COVID-19 pandemic, in a multidisciplinary children's clinic in the city of Maceió, in Alagoas, Brazil. METHODOLOGY: This is a prospective cohort descriptive quantitative research, carried out in a population of 40 participants, with a sample of 35 responses from parents or legal guardians of children with ADHD. Two questionnaires were carried out to assess anxiety, depression and sleep parameters, one during the quarantine period and the other after the restrictive measures of social isolation. Results: The sample had a higher prevalence among male children, with 74.3%. Of the new behaviors presented daily during the period of social distancing, irritability prevailed with 62.9%, followed by agitation, with 42.9%. In the post-quarantine period, the daily presence of these symptoms dropped to 14.3% and 17.1%, respectively. As for the reported feelings, sadness represented 45.7% of the sample, with a frequency of 1 to 2 times a week, during the quarantine period. After the return of face-to-face activities, there was an increase to 48.6%. Regarding sleep, at the peak of the pandemic, 54.3% of children showed anxiety and objection behavior at bedtime and 31.4% stated initial insomnia “every day”. With the end of social restriction, only 4% reported difficulty sleeping. Conclusion: The effects of the pandemic are perceived even more sensitively among children with ADHD. The work gathered scientific knowledge about mental health and emergency care for these children. Therefore, immediate efforts must be employed, at all levels and in the most diverse areas of knowledge, in order to minimize even more negative results in the mental health of children with ADHD in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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