The present work had the objective of evaluating the effects of the spatial variability of the main meteorological elements on soybean yield, variety M7739 IPRO from Monsoy, with an early cycle of 105 days, with sowing at the beginning of October and harvesting at the beginning of the month in February, in two agricultural years (2013/14 and 2014/15) at Santa Luzia farm, located in the municipality of Campo Verde - MT (15º42'28 ''S, 55º19'59'' W, 736 m). The meteorological data of the region were obtained through the 9th district of meteorology (9th DISME) of the National Institute of Meteorology - INMET. The coefficient of culture (kc) was defined following the development stages of the culture. The estimates of evapotranspiration (potential and crop) were determined by the water balance method and the sensitivity coefficients (ky) of the soybean crop were estimated by the expression Ky=(1-Yr/Ym)/(1-ETr/ETm), in which ky = yield response factor; Yr = actual yield of the crop; Ym = maximum yield of the crop; ETr = actual evapotranspiration e ETm = maximum evapotranspiration. The values of Ky were all lower than 1, both for the crop cycle in the 2013/14 crop year and for the crop cycle 2014/15, indicating that the soybean crop is adaptable to water deficit.
The objective of this work was to study the influence of three management systems on the physical attributes and productivity of irrigated wheat, cultivar BRS-254, in the city of Tangara da Serra, MT. The soil physical attributes were: weighted mean diameter (DMP) and geometric mean diameter (DMG). The experimental design was in randomized blocks. The treatments for weighted average Pereira et al.; JEAI, 39(3): 1-5, 2019; Article no.JEAI.49984 2 diameter (WMD) and geometric mean diameter (DMG) were arranged in a subdivided plot scheme, with eight replications. The tilting preparations obtained the highest DMPs compared to SD both in the 0-10 cm layer and in the 10-20 cm layer, a result possibly related to the incorporation of residues during the soil preparation associated with higher mucilage production promoted by higher activity of the root system of the crop, which found better soil physical conditions for its development. The PC presented a reduction in DMP when comparing the value in the 0-10 cm layer with the value in the 10-20 cm layer. The significant effect of soil preparation on DMG can also be a result of the incorporation of residues during the preparation, associated to the effect of higher root volume promoted by the higher root growth of the crop in these preparations, which, in turn, guarantee greater production of mucilages promoting greater soil aggregation and higher DMG. The use of the disk grid in the PC and PM interferes with the soil attributes. Soil inversion provided higher WMD and DMG. Original Research Article
This study evaluated the effect of storage period on the physiological and health quality of soybean seeds. The experiment was arranged in a factorial scheme (4 x 2 x 2) with four periods of storage (0, 2, 4 and 6 months), two soybean cultivars (‘BRS Pintado’ and ‘MSOY 8866’) and treated and untreated seeds with the formulated mixture of active ingredients pyraclostrobine (25 g i.a L-1) + Methyl-Thiophanate (225 g i.a L-1) + fipronil (250 g i.a L-1) in a 0,1 L.ha-1 dosage of the commercial product. Concerning health, there was a reduction of Aspergillus spp., Cercospora kikuchii, Colletotrichum dematium var. truncata and Fusarium spp fungus when periods of storage were increased independently if storage interactions occurred due to cultivar, treatment and/or all analyzed factors. cv. ‘BRS Pintado’ stood out by presenting lower results on the occurrence of fungi. The isolated cultivar factor presented a significant result concerning the physiological quality and c.v. ‘BRS Pintado’ showed better results in the variables: germination of seeds from the speed aging test, germination, shoot lenght from the speed emergence test, and both shoot dry matter and root dry matter of germination. There was an interaction for the speed emergence index variable between storage versus cultivar, in which cv. ‘BRS Pintado’ achieved better average results in all periods of storage. The storage factor alone was significant for shoot length of plants from the speed emergence index, the shoot plant dry matter from the emergency speed index, root dry matter of seedling germination and germination of seeds subjected to accelerated aging. The isolated treatment factor was significant in the germination variable and the untreated seeds showed better results in relation to the treated ones. However, the difference of these values would not be significant at the field. Treated seeds showed better results compared to untreated ones in most of the analyzed variables and their association with seeds storage did not affect the physiological quality evaluation during six months of evaluation, enabling the maintenance of the health quality of seeds.
Wheat is an important cereal crop in Brazil and one of the major source of carbohaydrates for baking. Grain losses on roads cause losses beyond the economic scope. Grains that fall around the highway are seeds with the potential to germinate, making it a "green bridge" for the transmission of diseases or hybridization between traditional, commercial and transgenic cultivars. The objective of this study was to establish the quantitative losses along the roads during the transportation of wheat grains in Paraná, as well as to verify the influence of short and long distance load on grain losses. The research was developed through a partnership between the National Supply Company (CONAB) and the Nucleus of Storage Technology, at the Federal University of Mato Grosso. at the Federal University of Mato Grosso. A survey of wheat grain losses was carried out in the BR-376, approximately 295 km distance between the Port of São Francisco in Santa Catarina and Ponta Grossa in Paraná between March and April 2018. A total of 26 collection points were established along the highway. At each collection point an area of 1 m2 was measured with the aid of a fixed frame of wood with the same area, at a distance of 1.3 m from the highway margin, in the north-south direction of the highway, which is the direction of the grain flow in BR-376 in the section considered). The grains were collected on the side of the road, along the gutters and near the lawn, with a broom, brush and dustpan. The collected material was placed in plastic bags properly identified and taken to the laboratory for separation and weighing. The experiment was carried out in subdivided plots, 26 plots (collection points), 4 subplots (collection times) and 3 replicates (collection areas at points). Statistical analyzes were performed using Assistat software. Differences among treatments were verified using analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the F test. When significant to the comparison of means for the treatments was performed by the Scott-Knott test. The section of the data referring to the short route that presented the highest loss index was the route in the interior of the city of Ponta Grossa-PR. The Ponta Grossa/Ponta Grossa destination also had the highest total loss, even though it was an average distance of 25 km. The route between the municipalities of Uraí/Ponta Grossa was the destination with the highest losses (122.55 kg of grains per trip). In almost all sections of the route denominated as long losses higher than acceptable in contracts (0.25%). The percentage of wheat grains lost is associated with the quality of the highways and trucks used in transportation.
Road transport is highlighted by its efficiency providing door-to-door services. It can be considered that 62.70% of the entire Brazilian cargo is handled by land transportation. In this context the transportation of wheat grains is very important. Wheat is an important cereal crop in Brazil and one of the main sources of carbohydrates for baking. The country produced approximately 5.42 million tons of wheat grains in the 2018 harvest. The objective of this study is to establish a percentage loss index, as well as to assess these quantitative losses during the transportation of grains of wheat in bulk. The work was developed through a partnership between the National Supply Company and the Nucleus of Storage Technology at the Federal University of Mato Grosso. It was established the evaluation of losses related to the transportation of grain wheat in bulk in the main waterways, and the research was carried out in BR-277/376 in the State of Paraná. After the choice of the highways evaluated, we performed research on the data of documents of the transport of wheat in bulk. The obtained data, through the documents, provided weight of origin, weight of destination, place of origin and place of destination, in this way, by difference was obtained the quantity of grains lost in the transport and the mileage traveled in each route. By means of these data it was possible to obtain three indices of losses, one in Kg/Km (kilogram per kilometer wheeled), another one in Kg / t (kilograms per tons transported), and also determined an index of loss in percentage of grains transported. With the indication of the indices it was possible to evaluate the losses. The Bitrem truck (7 axles) was used as the basis for calculating the losses, since during the interviews this was the type that had the most occurrences in BRs evaluated, with 39%. Based on the questionnaire, the load weight of 38,000 kg was adopted. For the study of losses of wheat grains in road transport, 10,279 data were analyzed for routs, 1,053,851 km, with an average of 102.52 km round trip. The amount of wheat grain transported was 222,494,228 kg. The total losses were 505,736 kg, averaging 49.20 kg of loss per trip. The loss per km was on average 0.479 kg. The percentage loss index for wheat (0.1708%) was determined. This percentage is lower than the adopted one that is of 0.25%, nevertheless, represent considerable losses for the economy. Based on the data obtained in the present study, it can be stated that it is possible to adopt, by the carriers, percentage loss indexes lower than 0.25% in the contracts. It is recommended to adopt the percentages of grain loss in road transport of 0.17% for wheat.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.