Transanal endoscopic microsurgery for the treatment of low-risk T1 carcinomas is associated with a significantly lower complication rate than radical surgical therapy. There is no difference in 5-year survival between local and radical surgical therapy in patients with low-risk T1 carcinoma.

No abstract

and the AWMF, representing the DGVS and the DKG Bibliography DOI http://dx.

Myotomy is an effective treatment modality in patients with achalasia who have failed to respond to pneumatic dilation. Young patients may benefit from primary surgical therapy.

Subfascial elimination of incompetent perforating veins is the most effective therapeutic principle in the treatment of trophic skin disorders associated with varicosis. A recently developed endoscopic technique allows accurate sectioning of perforating veins with direct observation of the veins and minor trauma. From November 1986 to July 1991 endoscopic sectioning of perforating veins was performed in 72 patients (103 legs). The most frequently transected perforating veins were Cockett's veins (n = 219), 24 cm perforating veins (n = 83), and Boyd's perforating veins (n = 82). Postoperative delayed wound healing was observed in 3 (2.9%) legs with pronounced trophic skin disorders in the lower extremities. Two patients complained of dysesthesia in the area of distribution of the sural nerve. Further complications recorded were extended subcutaneous hematoma in 6 (5.8%) legs and postoperative dysesthesia in the area of distribution of the saphenous nerve in 10 (9.7%) legs. At follow-up examination (mean 27 months postoperatively) clinical investigation and Doppler sonography showed newly formed incompetent perforating veins in only 2 lower legs. Radiography at follow-up revealed one incompetent Dodd's perforating vein in 1 leg, which was the starting point of pronounced recurrent varicosis in the lower leg. After an average follow-up of greater than 2 years, we recorded the occurrence of new varices in 9 lower legs. Staging of chronic venous incompetence showed an upward trend ranging from change to a more favorable stage to complete cure. Findings were unchanged in only 10% of the patients. There was no case of postoperative aggravation.