Infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) is a well-known acute viral disease of salmonid species. We have identified quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with resistance to this disease in rainbow trout. We searched for linkage among 51 microsatellite markers used to construct a framework linkage map in backcross families of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), produced by crossing IPN-resistant (YN-RT201) and -susceptible (YK-RT101) strains. Two putative QTLs affecting disease resistance were detected on chromosomes A (IPN R S-1) and C (IPN R/S-2), respectively, suggesting that this is a polygenic trait in rainbow trout. These markers have great potential for use in marker-assisted selection (MAS) for IPN resistance and provide the basis for cloning of IPN resistance genes. Clarification of the genetic bases of complex traits has broad implications for fundamental research, but will also be of practical benefit to fish breeding.
Albinism in animals is generally a recessive trait, but in Japan a dominant oculocutaneous albino (OCA) mutant strain has been isolated in rainbow trout (Oncorhyncus mykiss). After confirming that this trait is not due to a tyrosinase gene mutation that causes OCA1 (tyrosinase-negative OCA), we combined the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) technique with bulked segregant analysis (BSA) to map the gene involved in dominant oculocutaneous albinism. Four AFLP markers tightly linked to the dominant albino locus were identified. One of these markers was codominant and we have it converted into a GGAGT-repeat microsatellite marker, OmyD-AlbnTUF. Using this pentanucleotide-repeat DNA marker, the dominant albino locus has been mapped on linkage group G of a reference linkage map of rainbow trout. The markers identified here will facilitate cloning of the dominant albino gene in rainbow trout and contribute to a better understanding of tyrosinase-negative OCA in animals.
Os peixes, por serem animais pecilotermos, estão sujeitos à influências da temperatura do ambiente. Vários trabalhos já descreveram que o sistema imune é influenciado pela temperatura, contudo não existem informações concernentes à influencia desta sobre os trombócitos. Trombócitos provenientes de trutas arco-íris (Oncorrhynchus mykiss) mantidas a 6°C, 10°C e 20°C foram testados quanto à sua capacidade de agregação. A porcentagem de trombócitos sofreu alteração dependendo da temperatura da água em que os animais foram mantidos, diminuindo de 19% (a 10°C), para 13% (a 6°C) e aumentando para 24% (a 20°C). Entretanto, a capacidade de agregação individual de cada célula não foi significativamente afetada por essas mudanças de temperatura, o que sugere a qualidade dessa célula em manter essa função indispensável independente da temperatura.
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