Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with resistance/susceptibility to infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Ozaki, Akiyuki; Sakamoto, Takashi; Khoo, Sok Kean; Nakamura, K.; Coimbra, Maria Raquel Moura; Akutsu, Tetsuya; Okamoto, Nobuaki

doi:10.1007/s004380000392

Cited by 166 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…IPNV infections can result in high mortalities in susceptible individuals but also in persistent virus carrying cells in surviving fish. It is therefore likely that the response differs depending on the predisposition of an individual to the latent or the lethal form of IPN disease [62]. In the +IPNV-F group, fish expressing RNA for the polymerase VP1 generally also expressed higher or lower than average mRNA levels of anti-viral markers IFN type I, IFNγ and Mx (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Cortisol on the Intestinal Mucosal Immune Response during Cohabitant Challenge with IPNV in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)

et al. 2014

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Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) causes high incidence of disease in salmonids during the first period after SW transfer. During this period as well as during periods of stress, cortisol levels increase and indications of a relationship between IPNV susceptibility and cortisol have been suggested. The intestine is an entry route and a target tissue for IPNV displaying severe enteritis and sloughing of the mucosa in infected fish. The mechanisms behind effects of the virus on the intestinal tissue and the impact of cortisol on the effect remain unclear. In the present study, Atlantic salmon post smolts treated with or without slow release cortisol implants were subjected to a cohabitant IPNV challenge. Analysis of genes and proteins related to the innate and acquired immune responses against virus was performed 6 days post-challenge using qPCR and immunohistochemistry. An increased mRNA expression of anti-viral cytokine interferon type I was observed in the proximal intestine and head kidney as a response to the viral challenge and this effect was suppressed by cortisol. No effect was seen in the distal intestine. T-cell marker CD3 as well as MHC-I in both intestinal regions and in the head kidney was down regulated at the mRNA level. Number of CD8α lymphocytes decreased in the proximal intestine in response to cortisol. On the other hand, mRNA expression of Mx and IL-1β increased in the proximal intestine and head kidney in IPNV challenged fish in the presence of cortisol suggesting that the immune activation shifts in timing and response pathway during simulated stress. The present study clearly demonstrates that IPNV infection results in a differentiated epithelial immune response in the different intestinal regions of the Atlantic salmon. It also reveals that the epithelial immune response differs from the systemic, but that both are modulated by the stress hormone cortisol.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Cortisol on the Intestinal Mucosal Immune Response during Cohabitant Challenge with IPNV in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)

et al. 2014

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“…Histopathological changes typical for IPN were observed; however, the recorded mortalities were generally low. Several factors affecting pathogenicity have been recorded, including environmental stress (Taksdal et al 1998), the strain of virus (Song et al 2005) and an inherited factor in host immunity (Ozaki et al 2001). It has been shown that a low pathogenic Genogroup 5 IPNV strain can demonstrate pathogenicity in persistently infected Atlantic salmon subjected to stress (Gadan et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) strain with genetic properties associated with low pathogenicity at Finnish fish farms

Eriksson-Kallio¹,

Holopainen²,

Viljamaa-Dirks³

et al. 2016

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) is a contagious viral disease of fish that causes economic losses in aquaculture worldwide. In Finland, IPN virus (IPNV) has been isolated since 1987 from adult fish showing no signs of clinical disease at fish farms located in the coastal areas of the Baltic Sea. The inland area of Finland, however, remained free of IPN until 2012, when fish on several rainbow trout farms were diagnosed IPNV-positive. The fish mortalities detected at the farms were low, but clinical signs and histopathological changes typical for IPNV infection were seen in juvenile salmonids. IPNV was isolated at high water temperatures up to 22°C. In 2013 and 2014, IPNV detections continued at inland farms, indicating that infections have spread. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of the outbreak and to characterise the Finnish inland IPNV isolates using histopathological, immunohistochemical and genetic approaches. In order to determine the epidemiological origin of the inland IPNV infections, the partial viral capsid protein (VP2) gene sequences of the inland IPNV isolates were compared with the sequences of the isolates from the coastal farms. Based on the genetic analysis, the inland isolates belong to IPNV Genogroup 2 (Serotype A3/Ab), and the origin of the isolates appears to be one or several coastal fish farms.

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“…These loci explained a large proportion (27 and 34%) of the phenotypic variation in a family from a backcross between a strain susceptible to IPN (YK-RT101) and a resistant one (YN-RT201; Ozaki et al, 2001). Using AFLP and microsatellite markers, QTLs for IHN resistance have been identified in three different linkage groups of the same species (Rodriguez et al, 2004).…”

Section: Strategies For Genetic Dissection Of Disease Resistance Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics and genomics of disease resistance in salmonid species

Yáñez¹,

Houston

Newman

2014

Front. Genet.

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Infectious and parasitic diseases generate large economic losses in salmon farming. A feasible and sustainable alternative to prevent disease outbreaks may be represented by genetic improvement for disease resistance. To include disease resistance into the breeding goal, prior knowledge of the levels of genetic variation for these traits is required. Furthermore, the information from the genetic architecture and molecular factors involved in resistance against diseases may be used to accelerate the genetic progress for these traits. In this regard, marker assisted selection and genomic selection are approaches which incorporate molecular information to increase the accuracy when predicting the genetic merit of selection candidates. In this article we review and discuss key aspects related to disease resistance in salmonid species, from both a genetic and genomic perspective, with emphasis in the applicability of disease resistance traits into breeding programs in salmonids.

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Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with resistance/susceptibility to infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Cited by 166 publications

References 17 publications

Effects of Cortisol on the Intestinal Mucosal Immune Response during Cohabitant Challenge with IPNV in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)

Effects of Cortisol on the Intestinal Mucosal Immune Response during Cohabitant Challenge with IPNV in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)

Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) strain with genetic properties associated with low pathogenicity at Finnish fish farms

Genetics and genomics of disease resistance in salmonid species

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