The internet has offered numerous opportunities for educational content delivery. The main current delivery models for learning a language online range from more formal structured approaches provided by schools and universities, which typically take place in a VLE (Virtual Learning Environment) or LMS (Learning Management System), to more informal unstructured approaches, including Virtual Worlds like Second Life and MMORPGs (Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games) like World of Warcraft. The purpose of this study is to analyse the experiences and perceptions of the online digital tools that provide engagement with the English language outside the classroom by the non-linguist students at a Ukrainian public university. The study is based on the quantitative and qualitative data collected employing an online questionnaire including Likert-type ratings, multiple-choice questions, and free-text responses to open questions. The questionnaire inquires about students’ experiences with 17 technologies not related to their classroom activities, how frequently they are used, how helpful the students find them for their language acquisition in general, and how useful they are considered for the development of particular language competencies (writing, reading, speaking, listening, pronunciation, grammar, communicative competence). The results of the survey attest to regular students’ engagement with the English language involving online technologies, which leads to implications for foreign language learners, teachers, and researchers of second language acquisition for incorporating online digital tools for foreign language acquisition beyond the classroom. Being aware of how students engage with technology outside the classroom may facilitate educators in increasing learners’ engagement with the foreign language, provide additional practice, and produce an emotional response, which increases retention of information.
The article deals with the study of emotional arguments used by indignant speakers. Indignation is viewed as a negative mental state that arises as a result of a person’s strong discontent, his/her anger, and disgust towards those events and actions of other people that have happened or are happening in his/her environment. A person experiences indignation when he/she evaluates events as unfair. Indignation along with other emotions, such as anger, frustration, resentment, and disappointment, is associated with censure – utterances of disapproval of one’s deeds, actions, etc. In everyday life, such terms as “criticizing”, “rebuking”, “finding fault”, “blaming”, “questioning one’s judgment or decision”, “demanding explanations”, and “disagreement” are used to denote censure. Speakers choose the following four ways of expressing censure: 1) direct rebuke; 2) demanding explanations; 3) implying moral or intellectual inferiority of someone; 4) expressing surprise or disgust. One of the strategies used in communication is argumentation, which takes place when the grounds of a statement are provided. Argumentation can include reasonings, the context of which involves a difference of opinion, and at the same time, these reasonings have a certain structure, namely, a thesis and supporting arguments. Trying to be persuasive, the addressant appeals to the feelings of the addressee. During emotional argumentation, the thesis represents the point of view of the addressant, who tries to convince the addressee of its soundness. During emotional argumentation, the speaker uses rhetorical questions and other expressive means.
The article considers the main types of semantic-sigmatic and communicative-functional transformations of lexical units against the background of changes in certain parameters of discourse and analyzes the fundamental motives for changing the load of lexical units in modern space. The relevance of this work is determined by modern transformations of linguistic study of different types of discourse, which occur on the basis of the study of communication and the search for universal foundations of linguistic interaction. Language is considered as a complex communicative and cognitive phenomenon that determines the state of intercultural communication. The components that directly affect the communication process and the success of the modern language formation must be identified. The aim of this study was to analyze the semantic-sigmatic and communicative-functional components of discourse and the theory of their understanding in modern communication. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study included the works of scientists in the field of modern methods of communication. The objective method was the analysis of documents (monographs, articles, statistics, scientific papers and textbooks on the selected topic).
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