The aim is to carry out the analysis of the disease incidence of students and to scientifically substantiate the directions of improving health and fitness activity in the physical education of the students of special medical groups. Materials and methods: The study was conducted at Zhytomyr National Agroecological University in 1992-2019. The main pedagogical experiment involved 681 students (209 males and 472 females, aged 17-22). The research methods included theoretical methods (the analysis and synthesis of literary sources, the analysis of curricula, the assessment of the quality of classes with the students of special medical groups, the study and analysis of the medical cards of students); empirical methods (pedagogical observations, the methods of mathematical statistics). Results: The study determined that more than 57.6 % students of higher educational establishments of Ukraine had an unsatisfactory level of physical fitness, significant physical disabilities, diseases; from 10.9 to 20.5 % students had an insufficient level of physical fitness and significant health disorders; from 8.1 to 17.4 % students belonged to a special medical group; from 0.4 to 1.2 % students were exempt from sports and had chronic diseases and disabilities. Conclusions: The quality of the physical education process in special medical groups depends on the interconnection of all the components that affect its efficiency, including an outlook, motives, interests, the attitude of students to physical education and health-improving activities; the students’ desire to overcome their health disabilities; individual characteristics of students; the means, forms, methods, and principles of physical self-improvement; material and technical support of educational and health and fitness events.

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The aim: Is to develop, theoretically substantiate and experimentally test the effectiveness of the methods of determining the individual motor performance of 17-18 years old young males in the process of exercise. Materials and methods: The research was conducted at the Faculty of Physical Education, Sports and Health of the National Pedagogical Dragomanov University in 2019-2020. The research involved 17-18 years old male students during the 1st and the 2nd years of their education (n = 168). Two groups of students were formed: the experimental group (EG, n = 84), which consisted of the students who were engaged according to our developed methods of determining the individual motor performance of 17-18 years old young males in the process of exercise, and the control group (CG, n = 84), which consisted of the students who were engaged in classes on physical education according to the generally accepted methods without taking into account the standards of motor performance. Results: The relationship of motor performance with indicators of physical health, morphofunctional and mental features of young males is revealed, the computer program called “Activity for health” which reflects process of definition of individual standard of motor performance, creation of the individual program of training, the analysis and adjustment of the results of practical activities with the help of modern information and communication technologies is developed and introduced in the educational process. Determination of the level of motor performance shows that the young males of the EG showed significantly (p ≤ 0.05) better indicators than the young males of the CG. Conclusions: The obtained results allow asserting the effectiveness of the developed methods of determining the individual motor performance of 17-18 years old young males in the process of exercise with the use of information and communication technologies which have a positive effect on improving the psychophysical indicators of the students, which in turn increases their motor performance and motivation for physical education.

El artículo ofrece el método de los autores de un enfoque diferenciado para la educación física de estudiantes adolescentes en clases de educación física. El método es la diferenciación de los estudiantes de una clase y género en grupos homogéneos y la diferenciación de la actividad física de diferentes orientaciones dependiendo de la edad biológica de los estudiantes. Los estudiantes (niñas de 12-13 años (n = 220) y niños de 14-15 años (n = 226)) de escuelas secundarias de Kiev (Ucrania) participaron en la investigación. Se establecen las relaciones de tiempo para planificar el desarrollo de diferentes cualidades físicas de los estudiantes que tienen una edad biológica lenta y acelerada, y aquellos cuya edad biológica corresponde al tiempo cronológico.

The article reveals the peculiarities of the formation of the culture of movements of students in grades 5-9 in physical education lessons in the modern educational dimension. The current state of physical health of adolescents is analyzed. It is established that in modern conditions of improvement of physical education of pupils of the basic school formation of the personality of schoolboys of different age groups, including teenagers comes to the fore. Ways to improve the formation of the culture of movements of students with postural disorders, taking into account their psychophysical condition. It is determined that the ability to organize independent physical education classes on the formation of physique, good posture, culture of movements, to select exercises of coordination, rhythmic, plastic orientation is important. After all, the perception of the beauty of physique and posture in accordance with cultural patterns and aesthetic canons, the formation of physical beauty from the standpoint of strengthening and maintaining health, understanding the culture of human movements, comprehension of vital motor skills in accordance with their feasibility and aesthetic appeal is one of the tasks of physical education. The curriculum for educational organizations of students in grades 5-9 provides for the formation of stable motives and needs for exercise, holistic development of physical and mental qualities, creative use of physical culture in the organization of a healthy lifestyle, the formation of competence in physical culture and sports, mastering practical skills of creative cooperation in collective forms of physical exercises. Thus, the issue of forming a culture of movement in primary school students is quite relevant and needs further improvement.